the main tasks of ‘environmental graphics’ have been designated as: provision of instructions and essential information, environmental embellishment, ease of interconnection and visual identity establishment all of which can affect the culture and identity of the audience through an unconscious process. if we consider, on the one hand, the crisis of identity and cultural problems of the present...

The present issue of European Spatial Research and Policy is the first of two numbers dedicated to ‘Planning systems facing heritage issues in Europe: from protection to management, in the plural interpretations of the values of the past’. The concept arose from a meeting held in June 2013 at the conference on ‘Changing Cities’ in Skiathos, Greece, where a group of planners decided to compare t...

Past work suggested that dual identity was effective to reduce prejudice. This study extended research on dual identity and prejudice by identifying a boundary condition in this relationship, that is, group permeability. In Study 1, we replicated previous studies with Chinese individuals and found that inducing dual identity (emphasizing subgroup differences and a common nation identity), compa...

identity is one of the focal concepts and ideas for any human being. any kind of activity carried out by human is an attempt to gain identity which his weltanschauung-oriented ideals determine for him. contemplating the significance and inner nature of objects and actions can function as one of the most important creators of the identity of the individual, society, and the city. different faces...

The cultural identity and tribal connectedness of American Indians are commonly believed to have been negatively affected by the urbanization process in which American Indians have been involved during the past half century. This phenomenological study examined the processes through which cultural identity was formed and maintained by a group of American Indians who had lived since childhood in...

The rich identity, originality and validity of the “Ancient Iranian Urbanism and Architecture”, always have been stimulating the urban designers and planners to have research about their valuable qualities and historical principles. Unlike the past, today’s Iranian cities have inefficient urban qualities; because they are inspired by the western urban designs, without paying attention to their ...