rf method is now a well-known tool for studying crustal and upper mantle structure when such a complete data set is available. we compute p receiver functions to investigate the upper mantle discontinuity beneath the northwest of iran. we selected data from teleseismic events (mb ? 5.5, 30 ?>? > 95?) recorded from 1995 to 2008 at 8 three component short period stations from tabriz telemetry sei...

Shallow-level sill emplacement can uplift Earth’s surface via forced folding, providing insight into the location and size of potential volcanic eruptions. Linking the structure and dynamics of ground deformation to sill intrusion is thus critical in volcanic hazard assessment. This is challenging, however, because (1) active intrusions cannot be directly observed, meaning that we rely on trans...

offshore pipelines used for oil and gas transportation are often buried to avoid damage from fishing activities and to provide thermal insulation. thermal expansion and contraction of the pipeline during operation can lead to lateral or upheaval buckling. a safe buried pipeline design must take into account a reliable evaluation of soil uplift resistance and pipe embedment depth. while the cost...

Introduction: How do HED meteorites constrain the data to be returned from 4 Vesta by the Dawn Discovery Mission? Vesta has long been equated with the " eucrite parent body " in its various iterations and the spectroscopic similarities between Vesta and HED meteorites are compelling. The assumption is made that Vesta is a fully differentiated body. In common with other terrestrial planets, the ...

Abstract The subduction of an active spreading center generates a clear signature in the temporal evolution zones. It disrupts typical arc‐type magmatism and intraplate seismicity, enhances emplacement backarc plateau lava profoundly change tectonics topographic relief. These distinct observations are commonly linked to slab window opening mantle upwelling. Chile Triple Junction provides ideal ...

Extensional processes can lead to complex crustal configuration depending on the mechanisms of lithospheric thinning and impact magmatic additions during rifting breakup. In this context, we studied Vøring volcanic passive margin offshore Norway. The evolution inner Margin is well explained by standard models lithosphere extension. However, these fail reproduce key observations at outer (volcan...

earthquakes could have catastrophic impacts on tunnels and buried structures. liquefaction phenomenon is one of the most destructive effects of earthquakes. liquefaction results in decreasing effective stress and this consequently leads to decreases in shear strength of the soil. as a result, large deformation in both soil and buried structure occurs. moreover, liquefaction causes soil boiling,...