121 COVER Skeletons of turtle, chicken, and mouse. The turtle body plan is unusual in that the ribs are transformed into a carapace, and the scapula, situated outside the ribs in other animals, is found inside the carapace. A report on page 193 explains the evolutionary origin of this inside-out skeletal morphology.

Algorithmic skeleton has received attention as an efficient method of parallel programming in recent years. Using the method, the programmer can implement parallel programs easily. In this study, a set of efficient algorithmic skeletons is introduced for use in implementing parallel genetic algorithm (PGA).A performance modelis derived for each skeleton that makes the comparison of skeletons po...

Split window (SW) methods, which have been successfully used to retrieve measurements of land surface temperature (LST) and sea surface temperature (SST) from MODIS images, were exploited to evaluate the SST data of three sections of Italian coastal waters. For this purpose, sea surface emissivity (SSE) values were estimated by adding the effects of salinity and total suspended particulate matt...

Plant cytochromes P450 (P450s) participate in a variety of biochemical pathways to produce a vast diversity of plant natural products. The number of P450 genes in plant genomes is estimated to be up to 1% of the total gene annotations of each plant species, implying that plants are huge sources for various P450-dependent reactions. Plant P450s catalyze a wide variety of monooxygenation/hydroxyl...

having knowledge about behavioral biases, investors are able to evaluate their decision process with more awareness and they can react much better when facing such biases, as a result decisions deviation will be minimized. in this study, 36 different behavioral biases have been categorized into 5 different groups to normalize the effective behavioral biases in the process of decision making of ...

Under mild conditions, it is shown that if X1, X2, . . . , is a sequence of d by d random nonnegative i.i.d. matrices, then the convergence in distribution of products X1X2 · · ·Xn essentially depends on the skeletons of X1. (Two d by d nonnegative matrices have the same skeleton if their positive entries appear on identical positions.) AMS (2000) subject classification. 60B15, 60B10, 20M20, 15...

A 17-year-old woman with hereditary spherocytosis was found to be heterozygous for an unusual variant of the band 3 protein in erythrocyte membranes. The variant had a molecular weight of 95,000 daltons which was larger by about 3,000 daltons than the 92,000 m.w. normal band 3, and was phosphorylated less efficiently when intact cells were incubated with 32P-inorganic phosphate. It is discussed...

Saponins are a structurally diverse class of compounds occurring in many plant species, which are characterized by a skeleton derived of the 30-carbon precursor oxidosqualene to which glycosyl residues are attached. Traditionally, they are subdivided into triterpenoid and steroid glycosides, or into triterpenoid, spirostanol, and furostanol saponins. In this study, the structures of saponins ar...