Maintaining accurate neighbor information in wireless networks is an important operation upon which many higher layer protocols rely. However, this operation is not supported in the IEEE 802.11 MAC layer, forcing applications that need it to each include their own neighborhood mechanism, creating redundancies and inefficiencies and failing to capitalize on potential synergies with other MAC lay...

We introduce a non-parity-time-symmetric three-layer structure, consisting of a gain medium layer sandwiched between two phase-change medium layers for switching of the direction of reflectionless light propagation. We show that for this structure unidirectional reflectionlessness in the forward direction can be switched to unidirectional reflectionlessness in the backward direction at the opti...

Unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) in a ferromagnetic bilayer due to the spin Hall effect (SHE) provides facile means of probing in-plane magnetization avoid complex magnetic tunnel junctions. However, UMR signal is very weak and usually requires lock-in amplifier for detection, even involving $\mathrm{Ta}$ or $\mathrm{Pt}$ with large angle (SHA). Here, we report type UMR, termed anomalous ...

A self-folding miniature device has been developed to provide enhanced mucoadhesion, drug protection, and targeted unidirectional delivery. The main part of the device is a finger like bilayered structure composed of two bonded layers. One is a pH-sensitive hydrogel based on crosslinked poly(methyacrylic acid) (PMAA) that swells significantly when in contact with body fluids, while the other is...

Mechanisms and protocol interactions for seamless handover of mobile multicast/broadcast services using unidirectional access networks in heterogeneous Mobile IP infrastructures are discussed and proposed. QoS based applications, such as content delivery, mobile TV, carousel and reliable downloads, requiring interaction channel, are considered, as well as recent standardization efforts for conv...

This document describes a mechanism to emulate full bidirectional connectivity between all nodes that are directly connected by a unidirectional link. The "receiver" uses a link-layer tunneling mechanism to forward datagrams to "feeds" over a separate bidirectional IP (Internet Protocol) network. As it is implemented at the link-layer, protocols in addition to IP may also be supported by this m...

A new type of reinforcement for unidirectional natural fiber composites has been developed, where a paper layer is assembled with a layer of unidirectional flax yarns. The paper layer chemically and mechanically bonds to the loose yarns to maintain their alignment and enables better manipulability of the reinforcement during stacking in the mold. Unfortunately, the paper layer adversely affects...

A fundamental problem in heat transfer is the convective cooling of the heated walls of a channel. We find steady two-dimensional (2D) flows that maximize the heat removed from fixed-temperature walls for a given rate of energy used to drive the flow, Pe (Pe is the Peclet number, a dimensionless flow speed). For parabolic (Poiseuille) flow, the heat transfer scales as Pe. Starting from Poiseuil...