It is shown that a unidirectional link of a network can be used for routing only if it has an inclusive cycle, which is a path that can carry routing updates from the downstream node to the upstream node joined by the unidirectional link. A new routing algorithm for networks with unidirectional links is then presented, which incrementally disseminates linkstate information and selectively utili...

A distributed algorithm is self-stabilizing if after faults and attacks hit the system and place it in some arbitrary global state, the system recovers from this catastrophic situation without external intervention in finite time. Unidirectional networks preclude many common techniques in self-stabilization from being used, such as preserving local predicates. The focus of this work is on the c...

Compactness as introduced by Botafogo, Rivlin and Shneiderman, in short: BRScompactness, is studied in general, as it can be used to describe the cohesion of parts of the lnternet or collaboration networks, and in the particular case of a unidirectional network, such as a citation graph. It is shown that the connection coefficient is an upper bound for the BRS-compactness value of a network. Du...

T his empirical analysis endeavors to trace out the causal nexus between core inflation and economic growth from the perspective of twenty worlds’ leading economy with the help of the nonlinear Granger causality approach by using time series data from 1981 to 2016. Based on nonlinear Granger causality results, it has been found that there is unidirectional casualty running from core ...

This paper defines a new class of unidirectional errors,named t/u-unidirectional errors, which affect at most 1 bits confined to atmost u bytes of the code word. Codes that are capable of detecting, Iocat-ing and correcting N-unidirectional errors are presented. Lower boundson the number of checkbits required for N-unidirectional error detec-tion and location are also presen...

The MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS) has been widely accepted not only for providing digital TV services, but also as a subnetwork technology for building IP networks. This document describes a Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE) mechanism for the transport of IPv4 and IPv6 Datagrams and other network protocol packets directly over the ISO MPEG-2 Transport Stream as TS Private Data. ULE ...

Unidirectional links in an ad hoc network can result from factors such as heterogeneity of receiver and transmitter hardware, power control or topology control algorithms, or differing sources of interference or jamming. Previously proposed metrics for evaluating the difficulty of a unidirectional scenario are limited in scope and are frequently misleading. To be able to analyze ad hoc network ...

Several routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks work efficiently only in bidirectional networks. Unidirectional links may exist in a real network due to variation in transmission power of different nodes, noise or other signal propagation phenomena, and heterogeneity in transmission hardware of nodes in the network. We introduce a sub-layer called Sub Routing Layer, SRL, between the networ...

We review and illustrate our recent results on globally stable synchronization in directed oscillator networks. We consider asymmetrically connected networks with node balance, the property that the sum of the coupling coefficients of all edges directed to a node equals the sum of the coupling coefficients of all the edges directed outward from the node. We show that for such directed but node ...

The unidirectional transmission technology is designed to protect the confidentiality of data on the high assurance network. It allows data to transmit only in one direction and prevents the use of acknowledgements or other connection-oriented mechanisms. This makes packet loss become a key issue in unidirectional transmission because of its influence on reliability and performance. In this pap...