Introduction The objective of our research has been the development of advanced sensors that have the potential to: (1) minimize the environmental impact of energy conversion via control of combustion-generated pollutants such as NO, CO and unburned hydrocarbons; (2) reduce greenhouse gas (CO2) by improving combustion efficiency; and (3) monitor the fugitive emissions from greenhouse gas seques...

Power generation from biomass is a substantial source of ashes, the extent of which depends on the type of biomass fuel and technology of combustion being used. The current study focuses on comparison of ashes with a special emphasis on hazardous organic compounds, particularly the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) fraction, present in ash. The reason is that ashes from combustion of wood...

Though building an AMESim physical model of vehicle three-way catalytic converter (TWC), this article aims to study the light-off characteristics of TWC. By solving the energy and mass conservation equations of gas-solid two phase of the model, this article obtains the emissions conversion rate, such as CO, unburned hydrocarbons (CaHb) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) under different parameters. The r...

Due to the large contribution of the coldstart process to unburned hydrocarbon emissions of an internal combustion engine during FTP cycle tests, we take a new look at the production of hydrocarbons inside the combustion chamber during coldstart. To this end a model is developed which predicts the exhaust port hydrocarbon concentration, exhaust gas temperature and equivalence ratio based on a s...

the effects of unleaded gasoline and unleaded gasoline–ethanol blends on engine performance and pollutant emissions were investigated experimentally in a single cylinder, four-stroke spark-ignition engine with variable engine speeds (2600–3500 rpm). four different blends on a volume basis were applied. these are e0 (0% ethanol + 100% unleaded gasoline), e3 (3% ethanol + 97% unleaded gasoline), ...

Biodiesel production is a modern and technological area for researchers due to the constant increase in the prices of petroleum diesel and environmental advantages. A single cylinder direct injection diesel engine was fuelled with blends of biodiesel and diesel. Regulated emissions and performance data were generated, and a detailed characterization of exhaust emissions was performed. The use o...

In this study, a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) of 125 mm diameter and 1800mm height was used to find the combustion characteristics of sewage sludge (SS) produced in Turkey. Sludge + olive cake, and sludge + lignite coal mixtures were burned separately. Various sludge-to-lignite coal and sludge-to-olive cake ratios (5/95, 10/90, 15/85, 20/80) were tried. On-line concentrations of major compon...

reactivity controlled compression ignition (rcci) is a novel combustion concept which uses port fuel injection (pfi) of a low reactivity fuel and direct injection (di) of a high reactivity fuel with optimum multiple injection to provide a stratified mixture inside the combustion chamber. piston bowl design has a considerable effect on engine’s pollutant emissions specially unburned hydrocarbons...

The emissions of selected hydrocarbons from in-use commercial aircraft at a major airport in the United States were characterized using proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and tunable infrared differential absorption spectroscopy (TILDAS) to probe the composition of diluted exhaust plumes downwind. The emission indices for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzene, and toluene, as wel...