The most important adverse effect of natalizumab is progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).1 Apart from PML, there are reports of other cerebral infections including herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE)2,3 and cryptococcal meningitis4 in the literature. The patient was a 29-year-old woman, a known case of multiple sclerosis (MS) for at least 5 years. She was treated using natalizumab sin...

BACKGROUND Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or Crohn's disease (CD) being treated with natalizumab (Tysabri®, Biogen) who are planning to become pregnant or discover they are pregnant after exposure to natalizumab are currently advised to balance the potential benefits and potential risks of exposure when considering treatment options. This study was undertaken to evaluate pregnancy outcom...

With the introduction of interferon- β 1b in 1993 as the first FDA-approved treatment for multiple sclerosis, the era of treatment of this incurable disease began, and its natural course was permanently changed. Currently, seven different treatments for patients with multiple sclerosis with different mechanisms of action and dissimilar side effect profiles exist. These medications include inter...

The therapeutic landscape for multiple sclerosis (MS) is rapidly changing. Currently, there are eight FDA approved disease modifying therapies for MS including: IFN-β-1a (Avonex, Rebif), IFN-β-1b (Betaseron, Extavia), glatiramer acetate (Copaxone), mitoxantrone (Novantrone), natalizumab (Tysabri), and fingolimod (Gilenya). This review will highlight the experience to date and key clinical trial...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease which is considered to be an autoimmune disease impacting the central nervous system (CNS). Patients with MS may have certain orofacial manifestations and oral microbiological changes as a result of different treatment modalities. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the changes of Candida Albicans in normal oral flora during different...

Natalizumab (Tysabri) is a monoclonal antibody (α4 integrin antagonist) approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis, both for patients who fail therapy with other disease modifying agents and for patients with aggressive disease. Natalizumab is highly effective, resulting in significant decreases in rates of both relapse and disability accumulation, as well as marked decrease in MRI evidence o...