Ernst Mayr’s typological/population distinction is a conceptual thread that runs throughout much of his work in systematics, evolutionary biology, and the history and philosophy of biology. Mayr himself claims that typological thinking originated in the philosophy of Plato and that population thinking was first introduced by Charles Darwin and field naturalists. A more proximate origin of the t...

LINGUISTICS 407 Lecture #5 TYPOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION Typology is concerned with • establishing what types of systems are possible in natural language, • investigation of structural similarities among languages that are not genetically related. Languages may be classified on the basis of their type. In 1818 A. Schlegel proposed a typological classification of languages -still very influential! ...

Although killer whales showed overall low levels of mitochondrial sequence variation, the researchers found three fixed differences between the open-sea type A whales compared with the two ice-inhabiting, other forms. " The genetic pattern suggests that, for females at least, there is no gene flow between them, " the authors write. But they do point out that the evidence for reproductive isolat...

In this paper, we fix a graph H and ask into how many vertices each vertex of clique size n can be “split” such that the resulting is H-free. Formally: A an (n,k)-graph if its set pairwise disjoint union parts at most k, there edge between any two distinct parts. Letf(n,H)=min⁡{k∈N:there G H⊈G}. Barbanera Ueckerdt [4] observed f(n,H)=2 for not bipartite. If bipartite has well-defined Turán expo...

Abstract This paper is a typological survey of inalienable possessive constructions in the linguistic area Wallacea and its surrounds. In sample 189 Austronesian non-Austronesian languages, 13 have phenomenon not previously recognised theoretical or literature: Split Inalienable Coding (SIC), whereby language has two more coding strategies that are closely exclusively associated with expressing...