The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway removes errors that appear during genome replication. MutS is the primary mismatch sensor and forms an asymmetric dimer that encircles DNA to bend it to scan for mismatches. The mechanism utilized to load DNA into the central tunnel was unknown and the origin of the force required to bend DNA was unclear. We show that, in absence of DNA, MutS forms a symmet...

BACKGROUND A potential specific problem of patellar tendon graft in ACL reconstruction is the possibility of graft-tunnel mismatch which could be more problematic with anatomic ACL reconstruction where the femoral tunnel is placed low on the lateral wall of the lateral femoral condyle. The occasional occurrence of this mismatch raises the question that whether a correlation exists between patie...

Abstract The mismatch between illumination and traffic safety brightness in tunnels leads to much-wasted lighting energy problems. Effective control of tunnel can be achieved by on demand reducing consumption. This paper uses the curve fitting linear interpolation methods optimize luminance reduction factor K proposed Highway Tunnel Lighting Rules. It constructs a multi-zone division speed, flo...

A scaling relationship for OPDrms that accounts for the fluctuating total temperature profile within a turbulent boundary is derived from the modified Crocco relation. Experimental data from heated, compressible boundary layers at six subsonic Mach numbers in two wind tunnel facilities are shown to be consistent with the theory. The results show that a temperature mismatch between the freestrea...

Injection of spin currents into solids is crucial for exploring spin physics and spintronics. There has been significant progress in recent years in spin injection into high-resistivity materials, for example, semiconductors and organic materials, which uses tunnel barriers to circumvent the impedance mismatch problem; the impedance mismatch between ferromagnetic metals and high-resistivity mat...

This study reports the initial clinical results of 540 degrees of graft rotation or free tibial bone block to address graft tunnel mismatch in endoscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The operative reports of patients who underwent endoscopic ACL reconstruction between 1999 and 2001 were reviewed. Nine of 11 patients treated with a free tibial bone block and 14 of 17 patients...

We perform an ab initio study of spin-polarized tunneling in epitaxial Co/SrTiO(3)/Co magnetic tunnel junctions with bcc Co(001) electrodes. We predict a large tunneling magnetoresistance in these junctions, originating from a mismatch in the majority- and minority-spin bands both in bulk bcc Co and at the Co/SrTiO(3)/Co interface. The intricate complex band structure of SrTiO(3) enables effici...

In this paper, the electrical characteristics and sensitivity analysis of staggered type p-channel heterojunction electron-hole bilayer tunnel field effect transistor (HJ-EHBTFET) are thoroughly investigated via simulation study. The minimum lattice mismatch between InAs/GaAs0.1Sb0.9 layers besides low carrier effective mass of materials provides high probability ...

The ultrafast conversion of electrical signals to optical signals at the nanoscale is of fundamental interest for data processing, telecommunication and optical interconnects. However, the modulation bandwidths of semiconductor light-emitting diodes are limited by the spontaneous recombination rate of electron-hole pairs, and the footprint of electrically driven ultrafast lasers is too large fo...