conclusion: in this study group, tnf-α -238 polymorphism was shown to be different in preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic pregnant women. the aa genotype and the a allele may carry an increased risk for developing of preeclampsia. results: there were significant differences between the two groups in tnf-α genotype at position -238 (p < 0.001). in the preeclamptic group, the frequency of the aa ge...

background: despite the emerging evidence on beneficial effects of probiotics on the cardiovascular system, their impact on the management of ischemic heart diseases and its possible mechanism have not been elucidated. methods: four viable probiotics bacterial strains, including bifidobacterium breve, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus bulgaricus and lactobacillus acidophilus, at the concentrat...

background:  levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood have a positive relationship with congenital heart disease (chd). we sought to assess the difference in serum cytokines levels between children with and without chd.  methods:  we recruited 60 patients with chd and 30 healthy children, from 2013 to 2014. patients with primary pulmonary hypertension; metabolic diseases; renal, endocrine...

background: probiotics are microorganisms that may influence brain function via altering brain neurochemistry. new research evidence suggests that probiotic bacteria might protect tissue damage through diminishing the production of free radicals and/or inflammatory cytokines. therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of probiotic bacteria on the prevention or reduction of brain...

background the association between tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-α) (-308 g/a) gene polymorphisms and level of tissue destruction and periodontal disease progression is not proved. objectives the present study investigated the stereological parameters of interdental papilla in chronic periodontitis (cp) patients with tnf-α (-308 g/a) gene polymorphisms. materials and methods sixty gingiva sa...

Complementary DNA clones encoding two distinct tumor necrosis factor receptors were isolated from a mouse macrophage cDNA library. The cDNA for murine tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (mTNF-R1) predicts a mature polypeptide of 425 amino acids that is 64% identical to its human counterpart, whereas the cDNA of murine tumor necrosis factor receptor type 2 (mTNF-R2) predicts a mature protein ...

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF, TNFSF2) is an important multifunctional cytokine that regulates inflammation, host defense, immune responses, and apoptosis. TNF exists as a membrane-bound 26kDa, type II integral membrane protein, and a 17kDa soluble homotrimeric TNF that is generated via proteolytic cleavage by TNF-a converting enzyme (TACE, ADAM17). Both the membrane-bound and soluble forms ...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to assess the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury using TNF-alpha knockout (KO) mice. BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial I/R injury by promoting leukocyte infiltration of the myocardium. However, the precise role of TNF-alpha in I/R injury is...

: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory disease. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) considered as major mediator in inflammation reactions. No review articles have been done on evaluating TNF-α levels before and after performing standard treatments of OLP so far. This study aimed to provide complete the association between this cytokine well determining role ...