Eutrophication phenomenon is one of the most common water quality problems in reservoirs in many regions. Determining the trophic status of the reservoirs is not a precise process and contains vagueness. Fuzzy set and entropy theories are concepts which can model uncertainty and imprecision in the data and the analysis. In this study, an Entropy-based Fuzzy Eutrophication Index model has been d...

In the present study, a trophic structure model for some fish species of the northern Oman Sea is developed through using mass balance modeling software, Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE). In this model, we simulated 16 functional groups spread across an area of 3998.20 km2 from 2017 to 2018. Mean trophic level in the area of the present study was 3.49. Values calculated for system omnivory and connect...

The worldwide crisis of fisheries, which are usually managed on a single species basis, has led to calls for ‘ecosystem management’, along with he development of various ecosystem indicators. The Marine Trophic Index (MTI) and the related Fishing-in-Balance (FiB) index are two such ndicators, which can be used to draw inferences on the sustainability of fisheries, notably those targeting high-t...

In a field study conducted in Georgia, cucurbit plants with high (Cucurbita andreana) and low (Cucurbita maxima) concentrations of cucurbitacins were used in combination with two types of fertilizers to investigate their effects on the community of soil nematodes. Ecological measures of soil nematode community structure such as total nematode abundance, number of genera, trophic diversity, trop...

The abundance and the distribution of trophic resources available for consumers influence the productivity and the diversity of natural communities. Nevertheless, assessment of the actual abundance of food items available for individual trophic groups has been constrained by differences in methods and metrics used by various authors. Here we develop an index of food abundance, the framework of ...

The worldwide depletion of major fish stocks through intensive industrial fishing is thought to have profoundly altered the trophic structure of marine ecosystems. Here we assess changes in the trophic structure of the English Channel marine ecosystem using a 90-year time-series (1920-2010) of commercial fishery landings. Our analysis was based on estimates of the mean trophic level (mTL) of an...

This study describes changes in the trophic status of 12 lakes within Suwałki Landscape Park (SLP). All of the trophic classifications of the lakes were based on the trophic continuum division. Trophic status was determined by means of multiparameter indices using several diverse criteria. In this study, the assessment of the trophic status of lakes included water quality; abundance and biomass...