Fluorescence-based imaging techniques critically rely on bright and photostable probes for precise detection of biological molecules. Recently, a new class of multichromophoric probes based on fluorescent dendrimer nanoconjugates (FDNs) was developed for single molecule fluorescence microscopy (SMFM). FDNs are generated by covalent conjugation of multiple fluorescent dyes onto macromolecular po...

Objective: To evaluate the protective activity of antioxidants, viz. trolox and quercetin, against sulfur mustard (SM)-induced cytotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of various concentrations (20–640 μM) of SM, in the Division of Pharmacology presence or absence of 10 μM trolox or quercetin (-0.5, 0, or +0.5 h) was determined in and Toxicology, Defence Research and Development human ...

The aim of this paper was to assess the total antioxidant capacity of some commercial fruit juices (namely citrus), spectrophotometrically and by the biamperometric method, using the redox couple DPPH. (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)/DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine). Trolox was chosen as a standard antioxidant. In the case of the spectrophometric method, the absorbance decrease of the DPPH...

Trolox is a hydrophilic analogue of vitamin E and a free radical scavenger. Ethanol diminishes the amplitude of spontaneous contractions and acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contractions in rabbit duodenum. The aim of this work was to study the effect of Trolox on the alterations induced by ethanol on contractility and lipid peroxidation in the duodenum. The duodenal contractility studies in vitro w...

background: the mechanism of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (hpv) is still debatable. it has been proposed that reactive oxygen species (ros) might be involved in hpv. however, there is no special transporter for superoxide anion in the cell membrane and it may release from the cells via anion exchanger. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of ros and anion ex...

The freezing and thawing process not only is associated with serious damage to sperm such as damage to the plasma membrane and the acrosomal membrane but also changes the membrane permeability to some ions including calcium. Also, the generation of oxygen free radicals is increased during the freezing-thawing process. The purpose of this study was to evaluate of the effects of Trolox as an anti...

The protective effects of Trolox on the inhibition of negative gravitaxis in Euglena gracilis exposed to 200 Gy 60Co gamma-rays were examined using different concentrations (1, 10 and 100 microM). The orientation precision of the negative gravitaxis was quantified using the r-value. A significant decrease in the r-value was observed in gamma-irradiated samples (0.18+/-0.03) compared to those of...

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an enzymopathy in which reduced NADPH concentrations are not maintained, resulting in oxidative damage. We evaluated G6PD activity, oxidative stress levels and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity in individuals with the A-(202G>A) mutation for G6PD deficiency. Five hundred and forty-four peripheral blood samples were screened for G6PD de...

BACKGROUND The mechanism of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is still debatable. It has been proposed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be involved in HPV. However, there is no special transporter for superoxide anion in the cell membrane and it may release from the cells via anion exchanger. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of ROS and anion exc...

Prevention of oxidative stress via antioxidants attenuates diaphragm myofiber atrophy associated with mechanical ventilation (MV). However, the specific redox-sensitive mechanisms responsible for this remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that regulation of skeletal muscle proteolytic activity is a critical site of redox action during MV. Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to five experimenta...