background protein-bound toxins such as indoxyl sulfate (is) are not efficiently removed by conventional hemodialysis (hd). objectives to improve the removal of is, we performed an in vitro study to evaluate the effects of high dissolved hydrogen on the dissociation of is from albumin using simulated hd. materials and methods wasted dialysate from peritoneal dialysis was concentrated a hundred ...

The stability of proteins under co-solvent conditions is dependant on the nature of the co-solvent; the co-solvent can alter a protein's properties and structural effects through bimolecular interactions between its functional groups and co-solvent particles. Ionic liquids (ILs) represent a rather diverse class of co-solvents that are combinations of different ions, which are liquids at or clos...

Abstract The ionoSolv process is one of the most promising technologies for biomass pretreatment in a biorefinery context. In order to evaluate transition from bench-scale experiments commercial scale, there need get better insight intensification. this work, effects loading, particle size, pulp washing protocols and 100-fold scale up grassy Miscanthus giganteus with IL triethylammonium hydroge...

In the crystal structure of the title salt, 3C(5)H(6)NO(+)·HSO(4) (-)·SO(4) (2-)·H(2)O, the hydrogen sulfate ion is linked to the sulfate ion by an O-H⋯O hydrogen bond. The hydrogen sulfate-sulfate anion is a hydrogen-bond acceptor for the three independent cations and the uncoordinated water mol-ecule, the hydrogen-bonding inter-actions giving rise to a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded networ...

in this research, we have developed cheap recyclable and task-specific acidic ionic liquids (ails) 1-hydrogen-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [hmim]hso4, 1-hydrogen-3-methylimidazolium chloride [hmim]cl, 2-pyrrolidonium hydrogensulfate [hnhp]hso4 and applied them in acid catalyzed synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives from 1,2-phenylendiamines and 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds. the products coul...

Sulfate ions did not inhibit methanogenesis in estuarine sediments supplemented with methanol, trimethylamine, or methionine. However, sulfate greatly retarded methanogenesis when hydrogen or acetate was the substrate. Sulfate reduction was stimulated by acetate, hydrogen, and acetate plus hydrogen, but not by methanol or trimethylamine. These results indicate that sulfate-reducing bacteria wil...

In the title molecular salt, 3C5H12N(+)·HSO4 (-)·SO4 (2-), each cation adopts a chair conformation. In the crystal, the hydrogen sulfate ion is connected to the sulfate ion by a strong O-H⋯O hydrogen bond. The packing also features a number of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which lead to a three-dimensional network structure. The hydrogen sulfate anion accepts four hydrogen bonds from two cations, where...

We present a computational analysis of the short-range structure three protic ionic liquids based on strong organic acids: trifluoracetate, methanesulfonate, and triflate triethylammonium. Accurate ab initio computations carried out gas-phase dimers show that protonation triethylamine is spontaneous. have identified anion-cation binding motif due to presence hydrogen bond electrostatic interact...