Spatial patterns of tropical trees and shrubs are important to understanding their interaction and the resultant structure of tropical rainforests. To assess this issue, we took advantage of previously collected data, on Neotropical tree and shrub stem identified to species and mapped for spatial coordinates in a 50ha plot, with a frequency of every five years and over a 20 year period. These s...

Understanding the drivers of ant diversity and co-occurrence in agroecosystems is fundamental because ants participate in interactions that influence agroecosystem processes. Multiple local and regional factors influence ant community assembly.We examined local factors that influence the structure of a twig-nesting ant community in a coffee system in Mexico using an experimental approach. We in...

Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape (MCL) woody vegetation was characterized to establish structural and compositional attributes. Stratified random sampling based on major soil types was used and nine plant variables were measured in 137(20x30) m2 sampling plots; these being genera, species and family names; basal circumference; plant height; depth and diameter of tree canopy; number of s...

mapungubwe cultural landscape (mcl) woody vegetation was characterized to establish structural and compositional attributes. stratified random sampling based on major soil types was used and nine plant variables were measured in 137(20x30) m2 sampling plots; these being genera, species and family names; basal circumference; plant height; depth and diameter of tree canopy; number of stems per pl...

Tree fern trunks provide establishment surfaces and habitat for a range of plant taxa including many understorey shrubs canopy trees. The importance these habitats augmenting forest biodiversity woody regeneration processes has been the subject conjecture but not robustly assessed.

i Abstract In the present study, the effect of the trees in windbreaks on the leeward airflow is investigated, for the first time, employing numerical models. Different arrangements of windbreaks have been considered: (i) a single row of cypress trees, (ii) two rows of cypress trees and (iii) two rows of cypress trees with a low hedge that represent shrubs in the first row. The RANS equations h...

Savannas’ defining feature is a scattered tree layer. However, woody plants have encroached savannas throughout the world, altering tree densities and potentially modifying regeneration dynamics. We used a replicated large-scale restoration experiment with Midwestern oak savannas (USA) to understand spatial patterns of regeneration by the dominant overstory species, Quercus alba. Q. alba is not...