BACKGROUND The trapezius muscle flap is not usually the first reconstructive option for skin and soft tissue defects in the posterior neck and scalp due to surgeons' unfamiliarity with the surgical anatomy and developments in free tissue transfer techniques. The goals of this study were to describe the clinical use of trapezius flaps in posterior neck and scalp reconstruction, and to investigat...

OBJECTIVES To describe and compare the activation levels of the upper and lower trapezius muscle and study the influence of trunk and lower extremity position or movement during eight variations of a scapular retraction exercise. DESIGN Descriptive study. Exercise performance was standardized and individualized based on height, age and body weight. METHODS Individual muscle activation was c...

OBJECTIVE To determine how the spinal accessory nerve and the trapezius branches of the cervical plexus contribute to the innervation of each of the 3 parts of the trapezius muscle. Special emphasis was placed on the nerve supply of the clinically most important descending part of the muscle. DESIGN Anatomical analysis of the distribution of the cervical plexus and spinal accessory nerve bran...

The first aim of this investigation was to quantify the distribution of trapezius muscle activity with different scapular postures while seated. The second aim of this investigation was to examine the association between changes in cervical and scapular posture when attempting to recruit different subdivisions of the trapezius muscle. Cervical posture, scapular posture, and trapezius muscle act...

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effect of trapezius muscle isometric strength on three-dimensional scapular kinematics in asymptomatic shoulders. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty asymptomatic subjects were included to the study. Isometric strengths of the upper, middle, and lower trapezius muscle were measured using a handheld dynamometer. Three-dimensional scapular kinematics was re...

BACKGROUND Strengthening exercises for the scapular muscles are used in the treatment of scapulothoracic dysfunction related to shoulder injury. In view of the intermuscular and intramuscular imbalances often established in these patients, exercises promoting lower trapezius (LT), middle trapezius (MT), and serratus anterior (SA) activation with minimal activity in the upper trapezius (UT) are ...

STUDY DESIGN This study used a prospective, single-group repeated-measures design to analyze differences between the electromyographic (EMG) amplitudes produced by exercises for the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles. OBJECTIVE To identify high-intensity exercises that elicit the greatest level of EMG activity in the trapezius and serratus anterior muscles. BACKGROUND The trapezius and...

Pain and tenderness of the upper trapezius muscle is frequent in several occupational groups. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of three contrasting interventions on muscle function and pain in women with trapezius myalgia. A group of employed women (n = 42) with a clinical diagnosis of trapezius myalgia participated in a 10-wk randomized controlled intervention: specific...

[Purpose] To measure the activities of the upper, middle, and lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles during shoulder abduction at two angles and compare their relative isolation. [Subjects and Methods] Ten men were enrolled. The tester measured the isolation ratios of upper, middle, and lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles during shoulder abduction exercises at 60° and 120°. [Re...