the present study investigates the effects of water temperature on digestive enzymes activity and food transit time in caspian kutum ( rutilus kutum ) larvae. caspian kutum larvae (532 ± 0.05 and 543 ± 0.02 mg) were divided into two groups with three replicates and reared at different water temperature i.e. 25.6 ± 0.4°c (t 1 ) and 18.4 ± 0.1°c (t 2 ). at the end of the experiment, sampling of i...

In the present article, we describe the validation of a new non-invasive method for measuring blood pressure (BP) which also enables to determine the three BP values: systolic, diastolic and mean value. Our method is based on the pulse transit time (PTT) measurement along an artery directly at the BP cuff. The accuracy of this method was evaluated by comparison with the direct simultaneous meas...

Introduction: In this study, the effects of black tea extract of Iranian tea plant (Camellia sinensis var sinensis) and its polyphenolic pigment thearubigins were investigated on mice intestinal transit time. Method: Thearubigins were isolated by liquid-liquid fraction method. The effects of black tea extract and isolated thearubigins on intestinal propulsion were measured by charcoal propulsio...

bus systems are unstable without considering any control. thus, we are able to consider some control strategies to alleviate this problem. a holding control strategy is one commonly used real-time control strategy that can improve service quality. this paper develops a mathematical model for a holding control strategy. the objective of this model is to minimize the total cost related to passeng...

Local bus network is the most popular transit mode and the only available transit mode in the majority of cities of the world. Increasing the utility of this mode which increases its share from urban trips is an important goal for city planners. Timetable setting as the second component of bus network design problem (network route design timetable setting vehicle assignment crew assignment) hav...

Objective- In this study, the general anatomical features of the digestive tube and the transit time of the digestive tube of the Zarudni’s spur-thighed tortoises were examined by contrast radiology. Design - Experimental study. Animals - 4 adult female Zarudni’s Spur-thighed Tortoises (Testudo graeca zarudnyi). Procedures- At a temperature of 25-27°c a set of dorsoventral rad...