Using affinity purified human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase the reaction assay conditions were determined. The optimum incorporation of dTMP into the (rA)n(dT)10 template with HIV reverse transcriptase required 6 mM MgCl2 and 80 mM KCl. The template specificity of HIV reverse transcriptase is quite different from those of the human gamma-polymerase-associated reverse transc...

Substrate properties of various morpholinonucleoside triphosphates in the reaction of DNA elongation catalyzed by DNA polymerase beta, reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 RT), and reverse transcriptase of Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV RT) were compared. Morpholinonucleoside triphosphates were utilized by DNA polymerase beta and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase as sub...

Resistance develops due to mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene of HIV-1 genome that does not respond towards the presence of effective drugs. Emergence of HIV-1 variants in the presence of effective drugs is a common occurrence. Drug resistance mutation means “the development of resistance mutations in the drug targeted HIV-1 genes” which causes the viruses to overcome the drug pressure...

AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a potentially life-threatening infectious disease caused by human virus (HIV). To date, thousands of people have lost their lives annually due to HIV infection, and it continues be big public health issue globally. Since the discovery first drug, Zidovudine (AZT), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), 30 drugs been approved FDA, primaril...

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract from Teucrium flavum subsp. glaucum, endowed with inhibitory activity towards HIV-1 reverse transcriptase–associated RNase H function, led to isolation salvigenin (1), cirsimaritin (2) and cirsiliol (3) along neo-clerodanes teuflavin (4) teuflavoside (5). Acid hydrolysis inactive provided three undescribed neo-clerodanes, flavuglaucins ...

CONTEXT Cutaneous melanoma presents significant morbidity and mortality. Nowadays, about 90% of them are diagnosed by clinical examination and most are localized melanomas. Sentinel node biopsy has brought about a new and interesting approach towards localized cutaneous melanoma. The meaning of micrometastases in sentinel nodes diagnosed by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction is...

background and aims: influenza virus is a major pathogen involved in respiratory illnesses during winter seasons. a variety of diagnostic methods have been developed to identify influenza viruses in clinical specimen. methods: nasal and pharyngeal samples taken from patients were inoculated into madin-darby canine kidney (mock) cells and embryonated chicken eggs (eces). the culture media was as...

background and aims: the aim of this study was cloning and expression of rabies virus glycoprotein by a eukaryotic expression plasmid pcdna3.1(+) in bsr cell line. this construct might be used for a potential dna vaccine. materials and methods: glycoprotein gene was synthesized and cloned into pbluescript vector and then sub cloned into eukaryotic expression vector (pcdna3.1(+)). after verifica...