Objective(s): In the present study, the effect of tissue incubation with propranolol on functional antagonism of Zataria multiflora Boiss (Z. multiflora) at muscarinic receptors of tracheal smooth muscle was examined.  Materials and Methods: The effects of three concentrations of aqueous-ethanolic extract, 10 nM atropine, and saline on muscarinic receptors were tested on incubated tracheal smoo...

Inhalational insulin was withdrawn from the market due to its potential to produce airway hyper-reactivity and bronchoconstriction. So the present study was designed to explore the acute effects of insulin on airway reactivity of guinea pigs and protective effects of salbutamol and ipratropium against insulin induced airway hyper-responsiveness on isolated tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pig. ...

Materials and methods: The study was performed in 5 groups of rat tracheal smooth muscle obtained during proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus phases of the estrous cycle, as well as the ovariectomized group (n:8/group). Cumulative acetylcholine contractions ranging from 10 to 10 M bath doses and the cumulative isoproterenol relaxations ranging from 10 to 10 M precontracted with 10 M of ac...

Corticosteroids, efficient drugs for the treatment of severe asthma, may have numerous side effects. We investigated the effects of 7 days of treatment with triamcinolone (1.2 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) on the epithelial structure, tracheal smooth muscle cross-sectional area and contractility in the rat. The corticosteroid-injected rats were compared to pair-fed, and pair-weighed animals. Histologi...

A simple 30-min enzyme digestion procedure has been used to release guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle cells that retain differentiated function in long-term subculture . Primary cell cultures initially consist of numerous 'a colonies and 70-1000 morphologically differentiated smooth muscle cells per 600 mg (wet weight) tracheal tissue depending on the age of the animal . Both cell types prolife...

Objective: Asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida) is known as a valuable remedy for whooping cough, pneumonia, bronchitis in children and asthma treatment in folk medicine. In the present study the relaxant effects of the asafoetida on tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pigs and its probable mechanism(s) were examined. Materials and Methods: The relaxant effects of three cumulative concentrations of t...

The effects of i.v. and local anaesthetics on guineapig tracheal smooth muscle have been investigated in vitro. Diazepam, propanidid and ketamine induced relaxation and antagonized histamine-, acetylcholine-and potassium chloride-induced contractures in the tracheal smooth muscle. The relaxing effects of the anaesthetics were not affected by propranolol. Thiopentone, at concentrations which wou...

Interleukin (IL)-1beta causes airway inflammation, enhances airway smooth muscle responsiveness, and alters neurotransmitter expression in sensory, sympathetic, and myenteric neurons. This study examines the role of intrinsic airway neurons in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) induced by IL-1beta. Ferrets were instilled intratracheally with IL-1beta (0.3 microg/0.3 ml) or saline (0.3 ml) once da...

The present study was designed to clarify phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) expression in bovine tracheal smooth muscle tissue, and to elucidate that PDE9 may contribute to the regulation of airway relaxation. PDE9 mRNA expression was detected in bovine tracheal smooth muscle. Sodium nitroprusside (an NO donor) and BAY 73-6691 (a selective PDE9 inhibitor) reduced high K+- and carbachol-induced contrac...