conclusions these results showed an inhibitory effect for the extract of asafetida on muscarinic receptors of tracheal smooth muscle. results the ec50 obtained in the presence of higher concentration of the extract muscle was significantly higher compared to saline (p < 0.01). the maximum responses to methacholine in the presence of higher concentration of the extract (10 mg/ml) was significant...

Corticosteroids, efficient drugs for the treatment of severe asthma, may have numerous side effects. We investigated the effects of 7 days of treatment with triamcinolone (1.2 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) on the epithelial structure, tracheal smooth muscle cross-sectional area and contractility in the rat. The corticosteroid-injected rats were compared to pair-fed, and pair-weighed animals. Histologi...

objective: asafoetida (ferula assa-foetida) is known as a valuable remedy for whooping cough, pneumonia, bronchitis in children and asthma treatment in folk medicine. in the present study the relaxant effects of the asafoetida on tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pigs and its probable mechanism(s) were examined. materials and methods: the relaxant effects of three cumulative concentrations of th...

Materials and methods: The study was performed in 5 groups of rat tracheal smooth muscle obtained during proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus phases of the estrous cycle, as well as the ovariectomized group (n:8/group). Cumulative acetylcholine contractions ranging from 10 to 10 M bath doses and the cumulative isoproterenol relaxations ranging from 10 to 10 M precontracted with 10 M of ac...

The effects of i.v. and local anaesthetics on guineapig tracheal smooth muscle have been investigated in vitro. Diazepam, propanidid and ketamine induced relaxation and antagonized histamine-, acetylcholine-and potassium chloride-induced contractures in the tracheal smooth muscle. The relaxing effects of the anaesthetics were not affected by propranolol. Thiopentone, at concentrations which wou...

A simple 30-min enzyme digestion procedure has been used to release guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle cells that retain differentiated function in long-term subculture . Primary cell cultures initially consist of numerous 'a colonies and 70-1000 morphologically differentiated smooth muscle cells per 600 mg (wet weight) tracheal tissue depending on the age of the animal . Both cell types prolife...

The present study was designed to clarify phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) expression in bovine tracheal smooth muscle tissue, and to elucidate that PDE9 may contribute to the regulation of airway relaxation. PDE9 mRNA expression was detected in bovine tracheal smooth muscle. Sodium nitroprusside (an NO donor) and BAY 73-6691 (a selective PDE9 inhibitor) reduced high K+- and carbachol-induced contrac...

objective(s): in the present study, the effect of tissue incubation with propranolol on functional antagonism of zataria multiflora boiss (z. multiflora) at muscarinic receptors of tracheal smooth muscle was examined.  materials and methods: the effects of three concentrations of aqueous-ethanolic extract, 10 nm atropine, and saline on muscarinic receptors were tested on incubated tracheal smoo...

Nitric oxide (NO) is known to be synthesized from l-arginine in a reaction catalyzed by NO synthase. Liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes also catalyze the oxidative cleavage of CN bonds of compounds containing a -C(NH2)NOH function, producing NO in vitro. The present study was designed to investigate whether there was evidence of a similar pathway for the production of NO in tracheal smooth muscle...