1 The glosses used in this paper are as follows: Nom = nominative Case, Acc = Accusative Case, Dat = dative Case, Q = Question particle, Cop = copula, Top = topic marker, Nmlz = nominalizer. 2 Unlike English sluicing which is generally considered as TP deletion following overt wh-movement, as in (i), Japanese sluicing-like construction is considered as the deletion of the presupposition part of...

Objectives: Studies have shown that most children before the age of 5 are capable to comprehend and express wh-questions in daily conversations. This study aimed at comparing the ability of wh-questions’ production in 4- to 6-year-old children in spontaneous and elicited conditions. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 4- to 6-year-old Persian-speaking children (N = 72) were selected r...

In this article, we will show that the modal properties of infinitive relative clauses are a direct consequence their defective functional periphery, namely they just project FinP in case prepositional relatives, but up to ForceP wh- relatives. While truncation analysis helps us explain special it offers new insights into standard situ focus as covert movement FocP and right-dislocation left-di...

Previous studies on the intonation of wh-in-situ questions in French have focused mainly on the utterance final movement and ignored the prosodic properties of the region preceding the wh-constituent. Yet, these latter properties are particularly interesting from a processing perspective, as they may help the listener anticipate a question before the wh-word is reached, which might facilitate p...

In this paper we suggest a parallelism between D-linked Wh-phrases and long-distance scrambled elements, and argue for a specific syntactic step operative in both constructions. The parallelism resides in similar behavior of the two constructions with respect to Superiority, discourse effects, semantic vacuity, islands, and clitic doubling. We suggest that this parallelism can provide insight i...

English main-clause wh-questions form complementiser phrases with wh-words preposed to spec-C position. This is because English wh-words, as verb-complements originally, are strong enough to trigger wh-movement and auxiliary inversion. Persian EFL learners encounter an over-differentiation problem regarding the acquisition of auxiliary inversion rule in English standard questions. Once they hav...

We argue that the C-element que, following fronted wh-elements and focused elements more generally in Brazilian Portuguese, is realized as Fin, rather than Foc (MENDES KANDYBOWICZ, 2021; pace MIOTO, 2001; MIOTO KATO, 2005). put together three observations from literature: (i) appearance of que contingent on wh/focus fronting; (ii) introduces a finite clause, (iii) disappears under sluicing. pre...

This research is case study which was designed to investigate the acquisition of WH-question byPersian and English speaking children between 2 to 4 years old. Four girls and their input wereprecisely analyzed in order to figure how WH-questions are effective in their speaking in theirdaily lives. In the current study the subjects were randomly selected and the matter of gender wasnot considered...