Ice shedding causes transmission lines to vibrate violently, which induces a sharp increase in the longitudinal unbalanced tension of lines, even resulting progressive collapse towers serious cases, is common ice-based disaster for tower-line systems. Based on actual engineering characteristics 500 kV line taken as research object, finite element model two-tower, three-line system established b...

The 150 kV Koto Panjang – Payakumbuh transmission line has a length of 86 km with 249 towers, and the occurrence back-flashover in their is 74%, indicated by high tower footing resistance as that >3 ohms. type rock on location 79% hilly or mountainous terrains, are among factors can cause an increase value. results this study indicate level affects value considering number electrode installatio...

<span>Delivering electrical energy to remote areas is one of the essential things in our modern world. Choosing optimal route most critical factors contributing reducing power transmission system's cost. Other influencing such as optimum alloy conductor wires are difficult change, so only aforementioned factor was adopted. In this paper, optimized potential field algorithm employed determ...

Water cooling by ambient takes place with two mechanisms of heat and mass transfer. Using packings at wet cooling towers has disadvantages such as obstruction, reduction of life expectancy and production of algae and fungi. In shower cooling towers types of towers packings are completely removed and water intake is in direct contact and heat transfer takes place in two ways of latent and sensib...

This paper presents the results of the first real application, over one cable-stayed bridge, of a research under improvement since 2000 and presents the results of the monitoring of dynamic behavior under traffic load of Hawkshaw Cable-stayed Bridge, in New Brunswick, Canada. This bridge has 2 lanes, with total length of 301.20 m and its main span of 217.32 m is supported by two towers of 36 m ...

A tower of homotopy fiber sequences gives rise to a spectral sequence on homotopy groups. In modern times such towers are ubiquitous, and most of the familiar spectral sequences in topology can be constructed in this way. A pairing of towers W∗ ∧X∗ → Y∗ consists of maps Wm ∧Xn → Ym+n which commute (on-the-nose) with the maps in the towers. It is a piece of folklore that a pairing of towers give...

At the moment, Moshanir loading code which has been provided by Tavanir Company in 1998 is used for loading transmission line towers. Also ASCE52 are applied for designing these structures. In the above Moshanir loading code, loading parameters such as, maximum yearly ice thickness, maximum monthly ice thickness, maximum yearly wind speed and maximum monthly wind speed have been considered as ...

Electric power fittings are the link between conductors and transmission towers, it is essential to improve their ability withstand damage. In order obtain actual load of electric study stress each fitting under load, a line model catenary-shaped an integral tension insulator string established in this paper. Then, with uniform thickness ice coating shedding process simulated by changing densit...