in this paper the changes in the heat capacity of cooling towers has been investigated as a result of injecting combustion products of boilers. in the tower, the air is re-heated through mixing with hot flue gas after passing through the heat exchangers. as a result of this process, the draft of the cooling tower is increased. the additional produced draft depends on the ambient temperature and...

one of the most effective tools for decline cost and time, quality improvement and consequently project performance enhancement especially in construction projects, is value engineering. there are linguistic judgments in many cases of value engineering studies in construction projects such as interior design, mechanical installations design, and etc. therefore multiple attribute decision-making...

Distillation towers are essential to the chemical process industries (CPI), so it is imperative that they are properly designed and operated. Tower internals are arguably the most important piece of process equipment, since they cannot easily be accessed after startup. If the tower internals malfunction, the distillation tower will follow suit and the entire chemical process will suffer. This a...

This paper presents an optimization strategy for a broke system design and operation in papermaking process. A multiobjective stochastic optimization model is presented featuring (i) a stochastic two-state Markov process based submodel for the broke tower, (ii) an operational submodel for the optimization of the broke dosage, and (iii) a multiobjective design problem. An efficient optimization ...

since the energy analysis considers the quantity of energy, it cannot show the performance of the cooling tower. therefore, in order to optimize the performance of the tower and also the process which the cooling tower is a part of it, it is necessary to analyze the energy and exergy of the tower simultaneously. in this paper, the energy and exergy of one of the cooling towers of khuzestan stee...

Traditionally, energy recommendations from energy audits have been concerned with the energy use of cooling towers for point of use energy, such as variable speed fans, and pumping savings. The actual energy use of a cooling tower is small, and is only a portion of the energy involved in the entire cooling system. The majority of the energy used is to perform the work necessary to compress the ...

In this paper the changes in the heat capacity of cooling towers has been investigated as a result of injecting combustion products of boilers. In the tower, the air is re-heated through mixing with hot flue gas after passing through the heat exchangers. As a result of this process, the draft of the cooling tower is increased. The additional produced draft depends on the ambient temperature and...