RNA polymerase (RNAP) and the DNA template must rotate relative to each other during transcription elongation. In the cell, however, the components of the transcription apparatus may be subject to rotary constraints. For instance, the DNA is divided into topological domains that are delineated by rotary locked boundaries. Furthermore, RNAPs may be located in factories or attached to matrix site...

We consider the role of torsion axial-vector played in dynamics Dirac spinor fields: we show that torsional correction entails effects render regular otherwise singular spinorial matter field distribution. Comments about consequences for physics are given.

Using the Haystack Observatory 37-m radio telescope we have undertaken a search for emission in the 20 −31 E rotational transition of methanol in its first torsionally excited state (vt = 1) at 44.9 GHz. We examined seven galactic sources – six strong emitters of Class II methanol maser lines and Orion KL, the only source where this line had been previously detected. We confirm (at a level of 5...

DNA melting under torsion plays an important role in a wide variety of cellular processes. In the present Letter, we have investigated DNA melting at the single-molecule level using an angular optical trap. By directly measuring force, extension, torque, and angle of DNA, we determined the structural and elastic parameters of torsionally melted DNA. Our data reveal that under moderate forces, t...

The stress distribution in torsionally deformed cylindrical polycrystalline copper samples was investigated. The strain in torsional deformation changes with distance from the torsional axis and thus the local extent of work hardening and consequently the local flow stress changes as well. The variation of the flow stress with radial position in the samples was measured by microhardness tests. ...

Regions of the genome are often held under torsional constraint. Nevertheless, the influence of such constraint on DNA-protein interactions during genome metabolism is still poorly understood. Here using a combined optical tweezers and fluorescence microscope, we quantify and explain how torsional constraint influences the structural stability of DNA under applied tension. We provide direct evi...

Hollow, hexa-porphyrin prisms of two sizes were template-assembled and covalently locked, via cross-olefin metathesis, into permanent, torsionally rigid structures whose active sites (metal sites) can be both accessed and altered in a facile manner.

DNA wrapping is an important mechanism for chromosomal DNA packaging in cells and viruses. Previous studies of DNA wrapping have been performed mostly on torsionally unconstrained DNA, while in vivo DNA is often under torsional constraint. In this study, we extend a previously proposed theoretical model for wrapping of torsionally unconstrained DNA to a new model including the contribution of D...

We performed molecular dynamics simulations of the genome packaging of bacteriophage P4 using two coarse-grained models of DNA. The first model, 1DNA6 (one pseudo-atom per six DNA basepairs), represents DNA as a string of beads, for which DNA torsions are undefined. The second model, 3DNA6 (three pseudo-atoms per six DNA basepairs), represents DNA as a series of base planes with torsions define...