Political instability of several countries in the Middle East is overshadowing one of the biggest challenges of the upcoming century: Water a natural resource that is easily taken for granted, but whose scarcity might lead to serious conflicts. This paper investigates an optimal Water Allocation of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivershed by introducing the WATER-Model. A series of scenarios are anal...

Interrelationships, origin and phylogenetic affinities of brown trout Salmo trutta populations from the southern Caspian Sea basin, Orumieh and Namak Lake basins in Iran were analysed from complete mtDNA control region sequences, 12 microsatellite loci and morphological characters. Among 129 specimens from six populations, seven haplotypes were observed. Based on mtDNA haplotype data, the Orumi...

Countries all around the globe have shown a strong desire to restrict utilization of international water channels for non-navigational uses since they are important human civilisation. This is avoid issues that may occur because usage purposes bodies such as rivers and streams. research covers narrow scope, which limited legislation addressing use effectively settle disputes, cover lawful water...

Analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences from 198 species confirms the position of Barilius mesopotamicus as a species of the Asian genus Barilius within the subtribe Chedrina in the subfamily Danioninae. This relationship is supported by a parsimony analysis based on 43 morphological characters, and the morphological examination confirms that B. mesopotamicus possesses the synapomorphi...

Desertification of the arid and semi-arid lands of the world has been proceeding for more than a thousand years.Human-induced degradation in these areas is regularly cited as one of the principal causes of desertification.Euphrates and Tigris Basin as the case study of this research in some aspects is almost unique in the world. But thisbasin has been confronted to progressive desertification. ...

All life stages of Mortogenesia mesopotamica (Morton, 1921) are described, on the basis of material collected in the lower Euphrates-Tigris River basin. Adults are redescribed, and larvae are described for the first time, based on sets of larval exuviae. The monotypic genus Mortogenesia Lestage, 1923 is redefined using both adult and larval characteristics: eyes not contiguous, distinctly separ...

The literature on transboundary water resources allocation modeling is still short on encompassing and analyzing complex geographic multiparty nature of basins. This study elaborates the Inter Temporal Euphrates and Tigris River Basin Model (ITETRBM), which is a linear programming based transboundary water resources allocation model maximizing net economic benefit from allocation of scarce wate...

The Iranian Persian chub is an endemic species of the family Cyprinidae known only from few localities in drainages of Southern Iran. It was originally described in the genus Pseudophoxinus as (Pseudophoxinus persidis) and then Petroleuciscus (as Petroleuciscus persidis). In this study, we examined phylogenetic relationships of the Iranian Persian chub with other relatives in the family Cyprini...

Abstract Transboundary water relations in the Euphrates–Tigris (ET) basin are often marked by political confrontation and rivalry between Iraq, Syria Turkey. Even absence of stability, riparian states have remained contact with one another over ET rivers at different levels establishing revitalizing joint governance mechanisms. In these processes, multiple actors—ranging from bureaucracies head...