Boros C., Lukácsi E., Réthelyi M. (2003) Neuronal structure of the caudal end of the rat spinal cord. Clin. Neurosci. 57, 15-16. Réthelyi M., Lukacsi E., Boros C. (2004) Neurons and synapses in the caudal extension of the spinal cord (filum terminale). Arch. Hung. Med. Assoc. Am. 12: 17. Boros C., Lukácsi E., H. Oszwald E., Réthelyi M. (2005) Immunhistochemical characterization of the neuron si...

The filum terminale is an anatomic structure at the end of the spinal cord. Only a few cases of AVFs of the filum terminale have been reported. These AVFs usually consist of a single communication between the anterior spinal artery and a single draining vein. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and radiologic features and treatment of 4 patients with spinal AVFs of the filum terminale. Cli...

A 1-year and 11-month- old English Cocker Spaniel was evaluated for clinical signs of progressive right pelvic limb lameness and urinary incontinence. Neurological examination was suggestive of a lesion localized to the L4-S3 spinal cord segments. No abnormalities were seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed in the dog in dorsal recumbency and the hips in a neutral position and the c...

INTRODUCTION Paragangliomas of filum terminale are rare benign tumors, arising from the adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal paraganglia. These lesions usually present with chronic back pain and radiculopathy and only two cases of acute neurological deficit have been reported in literature. PRESENTATION OF CASE A case with an acute paraplegia and cauda equina syndrome due to an hemorrhagic paraga...

We report a 41-year-old man who presented with low back pain, lower extremity paresthesia, urinary retention and constipation. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a vascular intradural-extramedullary lesion at the second lumbar vertebral level. His medical history revealed that he had undergone surgery for a cerebellar hemangioblastoma 5 years ago. The patient underwent a spinal operation and a v...

intradural tumors (WHO grade I) that characteristically occur in the conus medullaris/filum terminale region. They are slow growing tumors with a good prognosis and long-term survival.1 We report a rare case of double MPE occurring at both extremities of the filum terminale. In the light of the present case and an extensive review of the literature, we summarize the imaging characteristics and ...

Spinal cord development occurs through three consecutive periods. Gastrulation (weeks 2-3) is characterized by conversion of the embryonic disk from a bilaminar to a trilaminar arrangement and establishment of a notochord. Primary neurulation (weeks 3-4) produces the uppermost nine tenths of the spinal cord. Secondary neurulation and retrogressive differentiation (weeks 5-6) result in formation...

BACKGROUND Paragangliomas affecting the filum terminale are extremely rare, benign tumors. The literature yielded thirty-two cases of paraganglioma in this site. CASE PRESENTATION A 49 year-old-man, whose presenting symptoms were low back pain and left leg weakness, was diagnosed as having a paraganglioma of the filum terminale. The clinical, histological and radiological characteristics of t...