Abbreviations: T1DM: Type 1 Diabetes; T2DM: Type 2 Diabetes; LADY: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Youth; LADA: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults; CS: Caesarean Section; SVD: Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery; HT: Hypertension; BMI: Body Mass index; A1c: Glycated Hemoglobin; HDL: High-Density Lipoprotein; LDL: Low-Density Lipoprotein; IAA: Anti-Insulin Antibodies; GAD: Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase A...

Lower cutoff levels in screening programs have led to an increase in the proportion of detected cases with transient hypothyroidism, leading to increase of the overall incidence of primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in several countries. We have performed retrospective evaluation on the data from 251,008 (96.72%) neonates screened for thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) level in dried blood sp...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a subtherapeutic level of chlortetracycline (CTC) fed to growing beef steers under conditions of limited and adequate dietary protein on plasma concentrations of GH, thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid hormones before and after an injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) + GHRH. Young beef steers (n = 32; average BW = ...

Objective: To investigate whether or not patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) have increased epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). Subjects and Methods: Sixty-one patients with newly diagnosed SH and without any known cardiovascular disease were enrolled. Twenty-four subjects matched for age, gender and body mass index without any thyroid dysfunctions were included as a control group. The E...

Thyroid lobectomy or hemithyroidectomy is considered an adequate treatment for several thyroid diseases such as large benign nodules, follicular neoplasm, and some suspected malignancies. Thyroid lobectomy theoretically preserves sufficient functioning native thyroid tissue for patients to keep euthyroid status postoperatively without the need for thyroid hormone replacement. Still, it is known...

Administration of large doses of thyroid hormone preparations (desiccated thyroid powder, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, diiodotyrosine) to cholesterol-fed chicks was associated with decreased rate of weight gain and partial inhibition of hypercholesterolemia. Consistent, definitive inhibition of aorta and coronary atherogenesis was not observed, despite partial suppression of hypercholesterolemi...

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a condition of thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth and can result in severe neurodevelopmental impairment, growth failure and permanent mental retardation if treatment is delayed for several months after birth (1-3). Girls are more frequently affected than boys (female to male ratios ranging from 2:1 to 4:1)(4). The mental retardation and neurodevelopme...

The determination of serum or plasma levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH or thyrotropin) is recognized as a sensitive method in the diagnosis of primary and secondary hypothyroidism.1 TSH is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and induces the production and release of thyroxine and triiodothyronine from the thyroid gland.2 It is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of ...

Mutation of a critical carboxy-terminal cysteine residue (C105V) in the thyrotropin-beta (TSH-beta) subunit gene was found in two related families with central hypothyroidism. Affected patients had low thyroid hormone levels and radioactive iodine uptake in the thyroid gland associated with measurable serum TSH. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated TSH secretion did not increase thyroid hor...

In two patients with congenital isolated thyrotropin (TSH) deficiency, serum TSH determined by a sensitive immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) was consistently undetectable. The basal levels of serum free TSH-alpha subunit (TSH-alpha) determined by a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) were elevated in the hypothyroid state, and decreased to the undectable level during displacement therapy with thyroid ...