the snake venom´s thrombin-like enzymes comprise a number of serine proteases, which are functionally and structurally related to thrombin. purification and partial characterization of a thrombin-like enzyme from the venom of the iranian snake, agkistrodon halys, was the aim of this study. purification was carried out by a combination of variety of chromatographic methods that included: gel fil...

The adhesive interaction between tumor cells and the host cells or the extracellular matrix plays a crucial role in tumor metastasis. To evaluate the mediation of cell adhesion by Daphne mucronata, an anti-cancer medicinal plant in Iranian folk medicine, the adhesion of thrombin activated human platelets to the cultured monocytes or HL-60 cells was investigated under the effect of the plant ext...

Background: Direct thrombin inhibitors and factor Xa inhibitors are gaining popularity as alternatives to warfarin for patients requiring anticoagulation. Toxicity due to these medications is difficult to manage because overdose experience is very limited and there is no clear guidance on when or whether to use antidote in this setting. Case Presentation: A 50-year-old man with normal renal fu...

Nucleic acid aptamers are artificial recognizing molecules that capable of specific binding to a wide variety targets. Aptamers commonly selected from huge library oligonucleotides and improved by introducing several mutations or modular constructions. Although hold great promise as therapeutic diagnostic tools, no simple approach improve their affinity has been suggested yet. Our recent analys...

The rational design of a novel class trivalent thrombin inhibitors is described through the hybridization natural sulfopeptides produced by blood feeding organisms. hybrid were rapidly assembled using peptide ligation chemistry and shown to exhibit femtomolar inhibition constants against thrombin. A lead inhibitor also showed potent generation platelet aggregation in vitro, as well antithrombot...

cellular and molecular pathways link thrombosis and innate immune system during sepsis. extrinsic pathway activation of protease thrombin through fviia and tissue factor (tf) in sepsis help activate its endothelial cell (ec) membrane protease activated receptor 1 (par-1). thrombin adjusts the ec cycle through activation of g proteins (g12/13), and later through rho gefs (guanine nucleotide exch...

Following initiation of coagulation as part of the hemostatic response to injury, thrombin is generated from its inactive precursor prothrombin by factor Xa as part of the prothrombinase complex. Thrombin then has multiple roles. The way in which thrombin interacts with its many substrates has been carefully scrutinized in the past decades, but until recently there has been little consideration...

Despite possessing only 32 residues, the tsetse thrombin inhibitor (TTI) is among most potent anticoagulants described, with sub-picomolar inhibitory activity against thrombin. Unexpectedly, TTI isolated from fly 2000-fold more active and 180 Da heavier than synthetic recombinant variants. We predicted presence of a tyrosine O-sulfate post-translational modification TTI, prompting us to investi...

We have previously reported that imatinib, a c-Abl inhibitor, reduces caveolae-mediated endocytosis of endothelial cells and inhibits the extravasation IgG in steady state. However, target signaling pathway behind this mechanism remains unclear. Here, we established an vitro culture system using human dermal microvascular (HDMEC) to mimic IgG. Thrombin histamine increased translocation through ...

Computational models of cerebral aneurysm thrombosis are designed for use in research and clinical applications. A steady flow assumption is applied many these models. To explore the accuracy this a pulsatile-flow thrombin-transport computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, which uses symmetrical idealized geometry, was developed. First, steady-flow model developed validated using data from an ...