Paternal half-sibling Rambouillet ram lambs (n = 18) representing two muscle phenotypes were slaughtered at 54.5 kg to evaluate the effect of the callipyge gene on muscle mass. Lambs were produced from a sire that was heterozygous for the callipyge gene. Nineteen muscles were dissected from the right side of each carcass to evaluate muscle weights relative to carcass weight. Excised muscle mass...

Recently a case considered to have an extremely rare hetrotopic supernumerary limb was experienced. The case was a one month old girl who had a supernumerary limb appended on the caudad side of the ninth thoracic vertebra which could not be identified as to whether it was an upper or lower limb. The limb was readily excised, and studies by softex X-ray, arteriography and anatomical procedures w...

The article describes the case of a 6-month-old Hucul mare with an additional second finger right thoracic limb. surgery to eliminate deformity was planned on basis clinical picture and results radiological examination. removed along fragment metacarpal bone. postoperative management rehabilitation went well. horse showed no lameness in follow-up outline phalango-metacarpal joint operated limb ...

The brachial plexus which innervates the upper limb has afferent from cervical and thoracic part of spinal cord. Due to its proximity other important vascular nervous structures, is mainly responsible for post block complications like temporary paralysis phrenic, recurrent laryngeal nerves or Horner's syndrome .

Initial presentation of a malignant disease as recurrent attacks of lower limb ischaemia due to emboli from a mural thrombus in the descending thoracic aorta is extremely rare. A diagnosis of malignancy may thus easily be overlooked. Recent advances in imaging technology have made the diagnosis of thoracic aortic mural thrombi much easier. Occult malignancy should always be suspected in the abs...

The thoracic outlet syndrome occurs when the neurovascular structures are compressed as they traverse the thoracic outlet. Degenerative changes can occur in the subclavian artery and the vessel may become a source of embolism with the risk of acute or chronic upper limb ischaemia. Rarely, distal thromboembolism in the thoracic outlet syndrome may be associated with retrograde flow when there is...

Effective quadrupedal locomotion requires a close coordination between the spatially distant central pattern generators (CPGs) controlling forelimb and hindlimb movements. Using isolated preparations of the neonatal rat spinal cord, we explore the role of intervening thoracic circuitry in cervicolumbar CPG coordination and the contribution to this remote coupling of limb somatosensory inputs. I...

The influence of sex on bone mineral density (BMD) and the bone mineral content (BMC) have been analysed in selected bones of the thoracic and pelvic limbs of African ostriches. The examination was conducted with the use of a densitometer, using the technology of affinited beam of X-ray and the programme for animal research. It was shown that the analysed bones of ostrich skeleton differed sign...

We report two cases of descending thoracic aorta floating thrombus treated with Bolton Relay thoracic free-flow stent graft. The patients had symptoms of lower limb ischemia; they underwent preoperative angiography and CTscan, then we proceeded with endovascular exclusion of the thrombus from the systemic circulation. At 12 months, the graft was still patent in both patients, without any signs ...