BACKGROUND The aim of the performed study was to investigate personal and environmental factors as predictors of thermal sensation perceived by a population of students in a university setting. METHODS The study consisted of two samples, a winter sample (154 students: 44.2% males and 55.8% females, aged 19-30 years) and a spring sample (147 students: 52.4% males and 47.6% females, aged 19-30 ...

Knowledge of the interaction forces between surfaces gained using an atomic force microscope (AFM) is crucial in a variety of industrial and scientific applications and necessitates a precise knowledge of the cantilever spring constant. Many methods have been devised to experimentally determine the spring constants of AFM cantilevers. The thermal fluctuation method is elegant but requires a the...

We report two effects that lead to a significant reduction of the switching field distribution in exchange spring media. The first effect relies on a subtle mechanism of the interplay between exchange coupling between soft and hard layers and anisotropy that allows significant reduction of the switching field distribution in exchange spring media. This effect reduces the switching field distrib...

This article describes a mechanical vertical attenuation system capable to provide large attenuation factors above 1Hz. This system is derived from, and improves, the passive Geometric Anti-Spring seismic attenuation filters minimizing their vertical resonant frequency by means of a tunable electromagnetic spring mounted in parallel with the main spring. The tunable spring is also used to compe...

Moderation of stream temperatures by riparian shading and groundwater are known to promote growth and survival of salmonid fishes, but effects of riparian shade and groundwater on to be growth of warmwater stream fishes are poorly understood or assumed to be negligible. We used stream temperature models to relate shading from riparian vegetation and groundwater inflow to summer water temperatur...

Water transparency affects the thermal structure of lakes, and within certain lake depth ranges, it can determine whether a lake mixes regularly (polymictic regime) or stratifies continuously (dimictic regime) from spring through summer. Phytoplankton biomass can influence transparency but the effect of its seasonal pattern on stratification is unknown. Therefore we analysed long term field dat...

Environmental matters are more complicated. Sustainability of environment requires an integrated approach to decisions making, planning, and management. Therefore, there is a need for a professional and systematic environmental management approach to reducing the consumption of resources. This approach is generally lacking in most universities, and therefore achievement of sustainability become...

the climatic, geographic and topographic characteristics, ecological conditions, forest and pastures, strong water resources, high vegetation, wild life and various hunting areas of kurdistan province are strong tourist centers. in this research using gis potential of suitable zones for claiming, rocking, ranging, visiting the nature, thermal spring, ski and winter sport, water sports and fishi...

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