Achieving accurate control of main steam temperature is a very difficult task in thermal power plants due to the large process lag (8 to 10 minutes) associated with the superheater system and there exists a deviation of ± 10 °C in closed loop control. A control oriented boiler model and an appropriate optimal control strategy are the essential tools for improving the accuracy of this control sy...

The performance of hot water space heating systems for mild to warm temperate climates is dominated by the efficiency of boiler operation at low load (i.e. below 25% of nameplate capacity). This efficiency is influenced by a number of effects that are poorly represented in common modelling approaches, including static thermal losses from the boiler and distribution system, changes in burner eff...

Wall thinning due to corrosion in utility boiler waterwall tubing is a significant operational concern for boiler operators. Historically, conventional ultrasonics has been used for inspection of these tubes. Unfortunately, ultrasonic inspection is very manpower intense and slow. Therefore, thickness measurements are typically taken over a relatively small percentage of the total boiler wall an...

includes materials such as waste oil, solvents, and some boiler cleaning fluids which have a heating value. There is at least one boilcleaning product that has a positive heating value. During the boiler cleaning process, the fluid is collected in a temporary storage tank, after the cleaning process is completed it is reinjected into the boiler as essentially an additional heat input to the boi...

Due to the importance of energy consumption in a steam network of oil refinery as a significant unit, present study is concerned with the optimization of an oil refinery steam network. Here, the attempt was made to use concepts such as first and second thermodynamic laws, thermo-economic, environmental and economic discussions to investigate three different scenarios about Tehran refinery steam...

Emissions from two biofuels, a soy-based biodiesel and an animal-based biodiesel, were measured and compared to emissions from a distillate petroleum fuel oil. The three fuels were burned in a small (3.5x10 Btu/hr) firetube boiler designed for use in institutional, commercial, and light industrial applications. Emissions were measured for carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of ni...

The Biomass Research Centre, section of CIRIAF, has recently developed a biomass boiler (300 kW thermal powered), fed by the poultry manure collected in a nearby livestock. All the thermal requirements of the livestock will be covered by the heat produced by gas combustion in the gasifier boiler. Within the activities carried out by the research project ENERPOLL (Energy Valorization of Poultry ...

The modeling of thermal reaction furnaces of Sulfur Recovery Units (SRUs) is a rather complex problem since it involves different modeling scales such as the kinetic/molecular scale, the reactor scale, and the chemical process scale. This work introduces the multi-scale modeling approach to characterize the kinetic and reaction engineering scales for the thermal section of SRUs, involving the r...

Combined cooling, heat, and power (CCHP) units can be integrated with conventional separate cooling, heat, and power production units to meet demands. The goal of this study is to develop and examine a hybrid GA-heuristic optimization algorithm for solving the unit commitment problem for integrated CCHP-thermal-heat only system with considerations for electricity boiler. When environmental emis...

The economizers are used for production of steam heating on en route ships. The economizers are producing steam in a heat exchange process from the ship’s main engine exhaust gas. Products of the incomplete combustion of the heavy fuel oil remaining in engines, passing the boiler, collect on the heat exchange surface of the economizer. When the incorrect assumptions are made for the boiler oper...