This study delineates the use of cultural hegemony in Charles Dickens’s A Tale of Two Cities (1859) through the vantage points of Italian critic Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937) who clarifies domination of the ruling class over ruled class. Cultural hegemony is the mastery of the middle class and governing groups among the lower divisions. Antonio Gramsci declares that the only means of keeping cult...

Abstract In this article I argue that Anton Bruckner’s Seventh Symphony assumes a pivotal role in advancing the romantically tinged narrative Luchino Visconti’s film Senso (1954) through politically recoded message. Visconti offers reflection upon political climate Venetia during Risorgimento pre-eminent of music. particular, music emphasizes condition Venetians under Austrian rulers by dominat...

Pressure to force or induce the consolidation of rural schools through legislation is common across the United States. Whereas consolidation was once chiefly about school improvement, today it is more likely to be about fiscal savings. Legislative battles have produced many lessons for rural school advocates which are discussed here. Consolidation is also on the agenda of many of the school ref...

murder is among the most abominable human acts and the most criminal behavior of mankind; in shī’a jurisprudence, punishment for deliberate murder is qiṣāṣ (retaliated punishment) in general. on the basis of this general principle, murder of child by father is regarded as an exception. on that account, the ruling concerning the mother in this respect is set forth and with respect to the solidit...