The so-called Possible Models Approach (PMA) is a minimal change semantics for database updates. In this paper we give a sound and complete decision procedure for the PMA which is based on normal forming. We prove complexity results in particular for the case of updates restricted to conjunctions or disjunctions of literals. Finally, we sketch how integrity constraints can be taken into account.

Sphingolipid metabolism was examined in guinea-pig airway smooth muscle cells stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and 4β-phorbol 12- myristate 13-acetate (PMA), as mitogens and bradykinin (BK) as non-mitogen. Stimulation of the cells by PMA and PDGF for 60 min. at 37°C induced the following changes in sphingolipid metabolites: in cells prelabeled with PH] palmitate, a 1.2 f...

recently, real-time pcr in combination with pma has successfully been applied to discriminate between live escherichia coli o157:h7 and dead bacteria killed by cumin, clove, oregano and cinnamon eos. in this study, initial experiments were performed in order to elucidate the minimum bactericidal concentration of zataria multiflora eo on e. coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica and listeria monocyto...

The claR of Streptomyces clavuligerus in the clavulanic acid gene cluster encodes a transcriptional regulator that controls clavulanic acid biosynthesis. The main goal of this study was isolation and molecular detection of the claR gene and its cloning in the Streptomyces specific vector (pMA:: hyg). By cinsideration of the claR gene’s start codon, the specific primers were designed. After geno...

Background: Leukemia is a malignant proliferative disorder of the hematopoietic cells. The important role of angiogenesis in leukemia has been reported by several studies. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large group of endopeptidases which degredate the extracellular matrix and play an important role in angiogenesis. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the patterns of ...

The armadillo could be considered as an experimental model for leprosy studies. Mycobacterium leprae main host cells are macrophages and Schwann cells. However, endocytosis and germicidal activities of armadillo macrophages and monocytes have not yet been evaluated. The aim of this research was to evaluate endocytosis and NBT-reduction activities of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and monocy...

Background: As a T helper type 1 (Th1) derived cytokine, Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is an important regulator of inflammatory immune responses. Furthermore, IFN-γ plays an essential role in defense against tumors and intracellular pathogens. This study was designed to assess the pattern of IFN-γ production in human leukemic (Jurkat and Molt-4) T cell lines in vitro. Methods: Ju...