certainly the meaning-letters play an important role in arabic language, so that the correct understanding of arabic prose and poetry and also the exalted meaning of the holly quran is dependent on knowledge of these letters, their difference and guidance applications. the fundamental and important role of these letters is subject of this research. at the beginning of this paper the following q...

classification ensemble, which uses the weighed polling of outputs, is the art of combining a set of basic classifiers for generating high-performance, robust and more stable results. this study aims to improve the results of identifying the persian handwritten letters using error correcting output coding (ecoc) ensemble method. furthermore, the feature selection is used to reduce the costs of ...

bactrian was the language of bactria in northern afganistan. this language is considered as one of the eastern middle iranian languages which was used from the first to the ninth century. the remaining materials from this language include coins, seals, inscriptions and documents. in 1990s, many bactrian documents were found amongst which the letters were of most importance as they gave much mor...

the letter of credit as a method of smoothing international payment is a conditional security and obligation to pay the customer bank (issuing bank) to seller (applicant). for this purpose, the letters of credit may be considered as the most usual method of payment of goods price in international trade. the classic form of letters of credit is the commercial letters of credit whose financial ob...

So, you want to write a letter to the editor? A recent editorial by Golub in JAMA prompted us to outline more fully our vision of Annals of Emergency Medicine’s Correspondence section and its place within the journal and the peer review process. Like most peer-reviewed publications, Annals of Emergency Medicine contains a correspondence section, commonly known as Letters to the Editor. Journals...

the present research deals with verbal and visual values of the persian alphabet. man had achieved common results in this respect in the course of the history, and graphical forms are believed to act as a strong bridge between the man and the universe. the theoretical research is aimed at responding to fundamental questions in this respect including those concerning scientific and historical re...

mohammad’s invitation letters, in addition to being sacred texts, include exact word combinations which are based on calculated and systematic arrangements of words and sentences. stylistics is a linguistic science which study texts along four dimensions: syntax, morphology, phonology, and signification. this science guides its audience and users to become aware of and enjoy interrelated and or...

“Fronti Nulla Fides”: No reliance can be placed on appearance. In a letter to the editor (AI Mugazine, Winter 1989), Benjamin Kuipers criticizes various points made in an earlier paper of ours (Akman and ten Hagen 1989). First, a side (nonetheless important) remark: Although Kuipers asserts that he distributes QSIM to interested researchers, our experience has been otherwise. Akman has tried tw...