At 14:46 on March 11, 2011, the magnitude-9.0 earthquake attacked Sendai and neighboring cities distributed along the northeast coast of Honshu Island, Japan. Its epicenter is located 130 km east of Sendai (Fig. 1). Unfortunate ly, the strong earthquake generated devastating tsunamis that destroyed many towns and villages near the seashore in Iwate, Miyagi, and Fukushima prefectures. The natura...