Isolated renal relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare condition. Generally, in ALL, the sites most frequently affected by extramedullary relapse are the central nervous system (CNS) and the testicles. Here we report on three young boys with relapsed B-precursor ALL, who underwent alloHSCT from HLA...

Cisplatin is an anticancer drug that has enjoyed remarkable success against testicular tumors, but dose limiting side-effects have limited its application against a broader range of cancers. Previous studies have shown that high-mobility group (HMG) domain proteins such as HMG1 sensitize cells to cisplatin by shielding its major DNA adducts from nucleotide excision repair. Estrogen treatment in...

Cisplatin is the most commonly used anticancer drug for the treatment of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs). The hypersensitivity of TGCTs to cisplatin is a subject of widespread interest. Here, we show that high-mobility group box protein 4 (HMGB4), a protein preferentially expressed in testes, uniquely blocks excision repair of cisplatin-DNA adducts, 1,2-intrastrand cross-links, to potentiat...

background: gonad shielding has been recommended during pelvic x-rays since the 1950s. the popular method of gonad shielding is placement a lead shield in the midline of the pelvis. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and utility of gonad shielding in pediatrics undergoing pelvic x-rays.materials and methodsfollowing study approval, we retrospectively retrieved data from the di...

results the results showed that the epoxy plates 6 and 2 mm thick had the highest and the lowest averages of shielding effectiveness at 4.48 db and 1.90 db, respectively. however, increasing the thickness was useful up to 4 mm. in addition, in a similar attenuation pattern, x-band frequency was divided into lower, middle, and upper sections. the lower section had the highest shielding effective...

The response of collisionless plasmas to an applied potential can differ from classic Debye shielding, and when the potential is rapidly applied ~‘‘instantaneous shielding’’!, the shielding can differ from when it is slowly applied ~‘‘adiabatic shielding’’!. Experiments demonstrate that when a test potential well is applied to a one-dimensional pure-electron plasma, instantaneous and adiabatic ...

................................................................................................................................... iv 1.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 Basic Concepts in Radiation Protection and Shielding .................................................... 1 2.1 Shieldin...

context to review and summarize the literature regarding the current status of postchemotherapy laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (pcl-rplnd) in patients with testicular germ cell tumor. evidence acquisition a comprehensive review of the english literature was performed using the pubmed database using the terms “laparoscopy” or “laparoscopic”, retroperitoneal lymph node dissect...

background: monte carlo simulations play a vital role in the calculation of the necessary shielding both for neutrons and photons. advanced and simple shielding materials against neutron and gamma rays were compared by simulation using the mcnb4b monte carlo code. the simulations were carried out for the three common neutron sources, namely the 252cf, the 241am/be and the dd neutron generator w...