objective(s):  being secreted by the pineal gland, melatonin induces cell proliferation in normal cells and induced apoptosis in cancer cells. the purpose of this study was to investigate effects of melatonin on main components and the expression of apoptotic genes in vitrified-thawed testicular germ cells of 6- day–old mice.  materials and methods: testes of neonate balb/c mice were vitrified-...

This work aimed to clarify the expression and roles of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and its type 2 receptor (AMHR2) in seminiferous tubules of maturing rat testes. By quantitative RT-PCR, we determined the relative expressions of Amh, Amhr2, Scp1, Rsbn1, Ngfr, and Rhox5 in rat testes aged 5-49 days (d), and in germ cells and Sertoli cells isolated from 21d testes. Smad 1,5 and 8 expressions wer...

Polyorchidism is a rare anomaly of the genitourinary system which is defined as the presence of more than two testes within the scrotum. Lobulation of a testis is also a rare anomaly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of polyorchidism with lobulation of a supernumerary testis. We present ultrasonography findings of lobulation of a supernumerary testis in a 38-year-old man.

In human testes, stem cells such as spermatogonia need to produce progeny cells continually. Telomere length is maintained throughout spermatogenesis, i.e. from spermatogonia to spermatozoon, and telomerase is reported to be present in the testes. In this study, we measured the activity of telomerase in the human testes of 16 cases of idiopathic azoospermia, 10 of obstructive azoospermia, and 1...

PURPOSE To establish a correlation between testicular position and fetal weight, in order to provide an additional prenatal parameter for fetal weight estimation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 288 testes from 144 human fetuses. The fetuses were assessed as regards weight, total length, crown-rump length and foot length. Fetal age was calculated according to the foot length criteria. The po...

The complex carbohydrates in the undescended and contralateral scrotal testes of patients with cryptorchidism, were examined by light microscopic histochemical methods, in comparison with those of normal testes. In the undescended testes, histochemical reactions for acidic and neutral complex carbohydrates were apparently weaker than in the normal testes, especially pronounced in the seminifero...

background:   objective: present study was conducted to observe the effects of testosterone, nandrolone, and stanozolol (forms of aas) intake during onset of puberty on the rat testicular histology.   materials and methods: juvenile male sprague-dawley (sd) rats (n=42) were divided into seven groups and were injected subcutaneously with medium dose of polyethylene glycol-200 (peg-200) (control)...

background: congenital adrenal hyperplasia (cah) and vanishing testes are uncommon diseases that can result from hormonal and mechanical factors. classic cah is determined by ambiguous genitalia and increase in amount of 17-hydroxyprogesterone. simultaneous occurrence of cah and vanishing testes is a rare condition. case: a 22-year-old boy, known case of cah who was diagnosed as female pseudohe...

the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of aqueous fruit extract of ziziphusjujuba on ethanol-induced oxidative stress and to examine its protective effects on sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity of male wistar rats. adult male rats (n = 28) were divided into four equal groups: the first group served as untreated controls, the second group of rats was given...

PURPOSE Controversy exists regarding the best approach to impalpable testes. We determined the usefulness of diagnostic laparoscopy for the management of impalpable testes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 2000 and 2008, 86 patients with a mean age of 34 months underwent diagnostic laparoscopy. An inguinal canal exploration was performed in all cases, except in patients in whom the internal sper...