We present analytical results on the so-called end-evaporation kinetics in equilibrium polymeric systems following a temperature jump (T jump). A T jump prepares the system with a nonequilibrium length distribution, after which it relaxes back to its equilibrium state. Starting from a master equation, we develop a mean-field analytical theory based on a generating function approach, which allow...

A new temperature-jump (T-jump) strategy avoids photo-damage of individual molecules by focusing a low-intensity laser on a black microparticle at the tip of a capillary. The black particle produces an efficient photothermal effect that enables a wide selection of lasers with powers in the milliwatt range to achieve a T-jump of 65 °C within milliseconds. To measure the temperature in situ in si...

A temperature-jump (T-jump) time-resolved X-ray crystallographic technique using the Laue method was developed to detect small, localized structural changes of proteins in crystals exposed to a temperature increase induced by laser irradiation. In a chimeric protein between thermophilic and mesophilic 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenases (2T2M6T), the initial structural change upon T-jump to a dena...

Experimental results are summarized on investigations of positive temperature jumps at water–vapor interfaces during steady-state evaporation under low-pressure. Steady-state evaporation of water experiments were carried out to measure the interfacial properties and to obtain the evaporation rate. The interfacial vapor temperature close to the interface was always found to be higher than the in...

During induction of the heat shock response by temperature jump in the protozoan Tetrahymena, a decrease in cellular ATP levels occurs within minutes and cells become thermotolerant. Treatment of Tetrahymena with the amino acid analog canavanine also induces synthesis of heat shock proteins, but more slowly than by temperature jump. No changes in cellular ATP levels were observed during the cou...

A temperature-jump technique for single nodes of Ranvier has been developed using a pulsed laser system. The temperature perturbation was accomplished by firing the laser beam obtained from a neodymium rod through the solution surrounding a single node. The temperature step was achieved within 1 msec using the laser in the normal mode of operation. During the voltage-clamped steady-state curren...

Popcorn bursts open, jumps and emits a 'pop' sound in some hundredths of a second. The physical origin of these three observations remains unclear in the literature. We show that the critical temperature 180°C at which almost all of popcorn pops is consistent with an elementary pressure vessel scenario. We observe that popcorn jumps with a 'leg' of starch which is compressed on the ground. As a...

In contrast to slower heating rates, a temperature jump reveals complex rise phases in the heat induced chlorophyll fluorescence emission increase in intact plants. Three rise phases have been detected which indicate the stepwise loss of different quenching mechanism of system II fluorescence. Two of the phases appear to reflect heat deactivation of the system II reaction centers, while the oth...