the speech act of disagreement has been one of the speech acts that has received the least attention in the field of pragmatics. this study investigates the ways power relations, social distance, formality of the context, gender, and language proficiency (for efl learners) influence disagreement and politeness strategies. the participants of the study were 200 male and female native persian s...

گونه های linariagolestanensis وlinaria mazandaranensis از ایران نامگذاری و معرفی می شوند. این گونه ها متعلق به بخش speciosae هستند و با گونه l. genistifolia مقایسه می شوند. گونه l. mazandaranensis با گونه  l. genistifolia در طول پرچم، مهمیز، دم گل، جام، اندازه سلول های پوششی دانه، ضخامت دیواره کپسول، طول و عرض سلول های پوششی کپسول، تزئینا ت سطح کپسول و شکل سلول های پوششی کپسول اختلاف دارد. از ط...

saluk mount is selected for devonian biostratigraphy. this area located at southwest of bojnurd. in this study three sections are selected and two sections, chahar-borj and tabar sections with a thickness of 650 m, which consist mainly of calcareous sediments was studied in detailed but third section, qelli section, with a thickness of about 450m which consist mainly of sandstone and evaporates...

introruction khawf in(iran)-herat and mazaresharif and shirkhan bandar in (afghanistan)-dushanbe in (tajikistan)_(kirgizstan)-kashghar in(china) project railway network is under construction that it is as a significant corridor for revitalizing silk road corridor in the region .at the present there are three different gauge in the region central asia with 1,520 mm gauge and turkey-islamic repu...

chapter i provides an overview of structural linguistics and touches upon the saussurean dichotomies with the final goal of exploring their relevance to the stylistic studies of literature. to provide evidence for the singificance of the study, chapter ii deals with the controversial issue of linguistics and literature, and presents opposing views which, at the same time, have been central to t...

این مطالعه به بررسی موقعیت حدود تاکسون­های مفروض جنس پسته در ایران می پردازد. با توجه به تفاوت نظرات تاکسونومیک ارایه شده و از صفات ریخت­شناختی مبتنی بر شکل برگ ار مارکر آی­رَپ استفاده شد. همینطور عدد کروموزومی انتهای ریشه شمارش شد. پس از مطالعه ریخت شناسی و جغرافیایی از میان 383 نمونه تعداد 16 واحدعمل­کردی (اوتی­یو) به عنوان نماینده انتخاب و بررسی شد. داده­های حاصل به صورت فنتیک و کلادیستیک تحل...

گونه های  alcea semnanica و  alcea assadii به عنوان گونه جدید معرفی و مقایسه می شوند. گونه alcea semnanica با a. chrysantha مقایسه می شود و  اختلاف آنها در رنگ گل ، شکل و کرک برچه است. گونه a. assadii با  a. excubita و a. flavovirens مقایسه می شود. اختلاف آن با a. excubita در رنگ گل و کرک برچه و گل آذین است و با a. flavovirens  در شکل برگ،  اندازه گل و نوع گل آذین است.

abstract u.s. attack to afghanistan after 9/11 provided opportunities for us who tried to become the dominant power after collapse of ussr and bipolar world. thinkers like fukuyama believed american liberal democrats thought would be universally accepted without resistances. liberal democracy is the best and final model of governance; in this regard, united state has moral responsibilities for...

this dissertation has six chapter and tree appendices. chapter 1 introduces the thesis proposal including description of problem, key questions, hypothesis, backgrounds and review of literature, research objectives, methodology and theoretical concepts (key terms) taken the literature and facilitate an understanding of national security, national interest and turkish- israeli relations concepts...