Dental fillings provide a major iatrogenic exposure to xenobiotic compounds due to the high prevalence of surface restorations in developed countries. Experimental data suggest that both amalgams, which contain mercury, and resin-based dental materials cause an impairment of the cellular pro- and anti-oxidant redox balance. The aim of this study was to assess the potential genotoxicity of denta...

Although, arsenic trioxide has been the subject of toxicological research, in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity studies using relevant cell models and uniform methodology are not well elucidated. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by arsenic trioxide in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) using the MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphen...

There are few studies of ochratoxin A (OTA) genotoxicity in experimental animals and the results obtained with cell cultures are inconsistent, although the carcinogenic potential of OTA for the kidney of experimental animals has been well established. We studied the genotoxic potential of OTA in the kidney of adult female Wistar rats (5 in each group) treated intraperitoneally with OTA (0.5 mg ...

Newly developed Phytopesticidal formulations from pongam and neem oils were evaluated for their feeding deterrent activity using leaf disc choice and no-choice methods, and genotoxic study using comet assay against Helicoverpa armigera at different concentrations of 5, 10, 15, and 20 ppm. Among various phytopesticidal formulations, neem and pongam oils at 1:1 ratio, called PONNEEM showed signif...

Pesticide exposure is associated with various neoplastic diseases and congenital malformations. Animal studies also indicated that pesticides may be metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) enzymes, paraoxonases (PON1 and PON2), or glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1). However, little is known about the genotoxicity of pesticides in people with various genetic polymorphisms o...

It is widely believed that e-cigarettes are less harmful than conventional cigarettes because they have a lower nicotine content. In contrast to this notion, several in vitro studies evaluated and demonstrated the genotoxicity associated with e-cigarette smoking. However, there lack of human on e-cigarettes. This pilot study compared indicators users, cigarette smokers, nonsmokers. A total 84 h...

Despite uses of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles in various consumer and medical products therapy increasing human daily exposure, little studies were conducted on its cardiotoxicity. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the possible modulation of nanoTiO2 induced genotoxicity, mutagenicity and apoptosis by chlorophyllin (CHL) coadministration in mice cardiac cells. Mice were injected ...

The present paper deals with the antigenotoxic activity of Aegle marmelos fruit extracts employing short term assays i.e. the SOS chromotest using Escherichia coli PQ37 and the Comet assay in peripheral human blood lymphocytes. Methanol extract and Acetone extract were quite effective in decreasing the SOS response induced by hydrogen peroxide and aflatoxin B1 in the SOS chromotest. Methanol ex...

Fluoride has widely been used in Dentistry because it is a specific and effective caries prophylactic agent. However, excess fluoride may represent a hazard to human health, especially by causing injury on genetic apparatus. Genotoxicity tests constitute an important part of cancer research for risk assessment of potential carcinogens. In this study, the potential DNA damage associated with exp...

In vivo and in vitro exposures were used to investigate the genotoxicity of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) to the marine snail, Planaxis sulcatus. The comet assay protocol was validated on gill cells exposed in vitro to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 0-50 μM). Snails were exposed in vivo for 96 h to HgCl2 (10, 20, 50, and 100 μg/l). Our results showed significant concentration-dependent increase in the ta...