with the development of restructured power systems and increase of prices in some hours of day and increase fuel price, demand response programs were noticed more by customers. demand response consists of a series of activities that governments or utilities design to change the amount or time of electric energy consumption, to achieve better social welfare or some times for maximizing the benef...

this paper addresses the mixed integer reliability redundancy allocation problems to determine simultaneous allocation of optimal reliability and redundancy level of components based on three objective goals. system engineering principles suggest that the best design is the design that maximizes the system operational effectiveness and at the same time minimizes the total cost of ownership (tco...

background: the purpose of the present study was to examine the reliability of scapular kinematic measurements using motion analysis system in subjects with and without general hypermobility syndrome. methods: a methodological study was designed to assess the reliability of scapular movement measurement in two groups of females with and without general hypermobility syndrome. upward rotation, s...

reliability investigation has always been one of the most important issues in power systems planning. the outages rate in power system reflects the fact that more attentions should be paid on reliability indices to supply consumers with uninterrupted power. using reliability indices in economic dispatch problem may lead to the system load demand with high reliability and low probability of powe...

Abstract The reliability and safety of any system is the most important qualitative characteristic of a system. This qualitative characteristic is of particular importance in systems whose functions are under various stresses, such as high temperature, high speed, high pressure, etc. A considerable point, which is rarely taken into account when calculating the reliability and safety of syst...

an approach for assignment of the optimal location and tap changer adjustment related to flux-lock type superconducting fault current limiters with tap changer (tc-flsfcl) is used in this paper by debating the reduction of fault current flowing from each device and enhancement of reliability varying with customer type in a distribution network connected with distribution generation (dg). tc-fls...