The role of Rho GTPases in the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) process following osmotic cell swelling is controversial and has so far only been investigated for the swelling-activated Cl- efflux. We investigated the involvement of RhoA in the RVD process in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts, using wild-type cells and three clones expressing constitutively active RhoA (RhoAV14). RhoAV14 expression resu...

Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 3Z5 We report a 64 year-old woman with longstanding hereditary angioedema who previously required a tracheotomy. In September 2005, while receiving prophylactic Danazol she noticed a left sided swelling involving her throat and uvula that was of moderate intensity by 1110h. S...

A common complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a state of severe insulin deficiency. A potentially harmful consequence of DKA therapy in children is cerebral edema (DKA-CE); however, the mechanisms of therapy-induced DKA-CE are unknown. Our aims were to identify the DKA treatment factors and membrane mechanisms that might contribute specifically to brain cell ...

We have previously demonstrated that the sarcolemmal Na+-K+pump current ( I p) in cardiac myocytes is stimulated by cell swelling induced by exposure to hyposmolar solutions. However, the underlying mechanism has not been examined. Because cell swelling activates stretch-sensitive ion channels and intracellular messenger pathways, we examined their role in mediating I pstimulation during exposu...

Methylglucoside (MEG) has been used in the water-based mud with fine montmorillonite (MMT) swelling inhibition, but it still has such shortages as large concentration and low thermostability. In this work, carboxymethyl glucoside (CMG) was synthesized with glucose and sodium chloroacetate and used as swelling inhibitor. The inhibition of CMG against clay swelling was investigated by MMT linear ...

Bewick, N. L., C. Fernandes, A. D. Pitt, H. H. Rasmussen, and D. W. Whalley. Mechanisms of Na1-K1 pump regulation in cardiac myocytes during hyposmolar swelling. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Cell Physiol. 45): C1091–C1099, 1999.—We have previously demonstrated that the sarcolemmal Na1-K1 pump current (Ip) in cardiac myocytes is stimulated by cell swelling induced by exposure to hyposmolar solutions. Ho...

During exploration for oil and gas, a technical drilling fluid is used to lubricate the drill bit, maintain hydrostatic pressure, transmit sensor readings, remove rock cuttings and inhibit swelling of unstable clay based reactive shale formations. Increasing environmental awareness and resulting legislation has led to the search for new, improved biodegradable drilling fluid components. In the ...

Arachidonic acid or its metabolites have been implicated in the regulatory volume decrease (RVD) response after hypotonic cell swelling in some mammalian cells. The present study investigated the role of arachidonic acid (AA) during RVD in the human neuroblastoma cell line CHP-100. During the first nine minutes of hypo-osmotic exposure the rate of 3H-arachidonic acid (3H-AA) release increased t...

angioedema is characterized by recurrent, circumscribed, solitary or multiple subcutaneous and mucosal swelling, involving the extremities, face, larynx, bowel wall. angioedema is due to hereditary or acquired varieties of c1 esterase inhibitor (c1inh) deficiency. a case of atypical acquired angioedema in a 49-year old man, responding favourably to cinnarizine and alcohol abstinence, is present...