BACKGROUND The professionalism of hospital workers in Japan was challenged by the pandemic (H1N1) 2009. To maintain hospital function under critical situations such as a pandemic, it is important to understand the factors that increase and decrease the willingness to work. Previous hospital-based studies have examined this question using hypothetical events, but so far it has not been examined ...

This paper presents an investigation of hesitation strategies of intermediate learners of German as a second or foreign language (L2) when they take part in oral L2 tests. Previous studies of L2 hesitation strategies have focused on beginning and advanced L2 learners. They found that beginners tend to leave their hesitation pauses unfilled making their speech highly disfluent [17], while advanc...

In many online shopping applications, traditional Association Rule (AR) mining has limitations as it only deals with the items that are sold but ignores the items that are almost sold. For example, those items that are put into the basket but not checked out. We say that those almost sold items carry hesitation information since customers are hesitating to buy them. The hesitation information o...

This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the role of some discourse markers and the vocalic hesitation euh in a corpus of spoken human utterances collected with the RITEL system, an open domain and spoken dialog system. The frequency and contextual combination patterns of classical discourse markers and of the vocalic hesitation has been studied. This analysis highlights some specificities...

This paper concerns the different ways in which hesitation, and hesitation related phenomena like uncertainty, doubt and lack of knowledge are expressed in different cultures. The paper focuses especially on shoulder shrugging as a signal of hesitation or uncertainty, and starts from the observation that shoulder shrugging has different interpretations depending on the interlocutor’s cultural c...

Taxes are the biggest contributor to state budget portion, but unfortunately level of publicawareness in paying taxes is still very low. The purpose this study investigate causesof public hesitation reporting Annual Tax Return (SPT) and making tax payments, especiallyfor non-employee taxpayers at KPP Pratama Denpasar Timur (Denpasar Office). Thisresearch uses a qualitative approach method with ...

In traditional terminology, silent and filled pauses are grouped together, whereas hesitation lengthening is put into a separate category. However, while these various phenomena are very often associated, there have been few studies on how they interact. We analyzed an hour of spontaneous speech to show that silent and filled pauses operate in a totally different way, and that contrary to commo...