نتایج جستجو برای: surface to surface radiation model
تعداد نتایج: 11332711 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
mineral dust is produced from both natural and anthropogenic sources. dust aerosols can be transported over long distances in the atmosphere. they reduce the incident shortwave radiation to the surface by absorbing and scattering the solar radiation; thereby leading to a cooling effect at the surface and lower tropospheric temperature. on the other hand, by absorption and re-emission of longwav...
this is an original study on the effect of a polyisobutylene – polydimethylsiloxane (pibpdms) block copolymer modifier used as an interfacial active agent on the dynamics behaviour of single newtonian drops suspended in a polyisobutylene (pib) newtonian matrix. the results were divided in two sections. the first part included the experiments carried out on the non-modified and 2% block cop...
the highest temperatures of the world are recorded in dry and warm climates. this can especially be observed in deserts, where vegetations and soil moisture are very low. as a result, the soil surface receives high thermal energy and its temperature rises up. the lut desert has the above characteristics, making it a suitable environment to prepare land surface temperature (lst) models. objectiv...
جهت بهینه سازی شرایط تولید پروتئین هیدرولیز شده (شامل نسبت آنزیم به سوبسترا، دما و زمان) به منظور دستیابی به بالاترین خواص آنتی اکسیدانی، مینس تهیه شده از ضایعات میگوی ببری سبز (penaeus semisulcatus) پس از تعیین درصد پروتئین آن (13%، بر اساس وزن تر) با استفاده از دو پروتئاز تجاری آلکالاز و فلاورزایم بر اساس 18 تیمار تعیین شده با طرح آزمایشات سطح پاسخ برای هر آنزیم، هیدرولیز شده و با خشک کن انجم...
in this thesis, a new optically active poly(amide-imide) (pai) was synthesized by the indirect polycondensation reaction of the l-phenylalanine based diacid chloride and 4,4?-diaminodiphenylether in the presence of triethylamine in n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. the formation of pai was confirmed by ftir, 1h nmr and elemental analysis. in next step, the surface of titanium dioxide (tio2) nanoparticles...
abstract nowadaysphotovoltaic solar cells (pvs) areacknowledged the fastest growing energy technology in the word, however, they only account for only fraction of current global renewable energy capacity. it isrecognized that this incomplete market penetration has been largely a result of the technology’sexcessive cost. so researchers are trying to find innovative, economic way with theaim of ...
a novel acrylic acid-functionalized fe3o4 magnetic nanoparticle with a core-shell structure was developed for utilization as a heterogeneous organosuperacid in chemical transformations. the structural, surface, and magnetic characteristics of the nanosized catalyst were investigated by various techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (tem), thermogravimetric analysis (tga), and ft-ir...
run-out-table (rot) is located between last finishing stand and down coiler in a hot strip mill. as the hot steel strip passes from rot, water jets impact on it from top and bottom and strip temperature decreases approximately from 800-950 °c to 500-750°c. the temperature history that strip experience while passing through rot affects significantly the metallurgical and mechanical properties, s...
metric (mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internalized calibration) is known as an appropriate surface energy balance model for the estimation of the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration (et) in semi-arid regions. based on lysimeter measurements, metric has shown et estimates of 10% on a sub-field scale on a daily basis. there is a need to identify how the model is sensit...
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