Techniques that can dexterously manipulate single particles, cells, and organisms are invaluable for many applications in biology, chemistry, engineering, and physics. Here, we demonstrate standing surface acoustic wave based "acoustic tweezers" that can trap and manipulate single microparticles, cells, and entire organisms (i.e., Caenorhabditis elegans) in a single-layer microfluidic chip. Our...

In the forward problem of acoustic tomography, one needs to be able to implement the wave equation numerically and find the values at each receiver point. In this research the possible solutions are studied and their properties are discussed and one proposed algorithm is selected as the satisfactory result in the sense of less numerical dispersion. Stability conditions for these algorithms are ...

In October 1732, the cashier and the banker of the Charitable Corporation absconded to France, having embezzled "more than half a million of money".' This fraudulent diversion of funds intended to provide employment and relief for the poor caused uproar, but it was not an isolated incident. Three other statutory bodies-the South Sea Company, the York Buildings Company, and the Derwentwater Trus...

Vibratory sensation thresholds of ten fingertips of each person were measured by each of the three frequencies in groups using three kinds of vibrating tools and the control groups. The subject groups were using leg-drill (n=37), chipping-hammer (n=25) and chain-saw (n=19). The control groups were engaged in desk work or outdoor work in a bureau of forest management (n=24), a local forest offic...

This research examines the relationship between one's theory of a good life and allostatic load, a marker of cumulative biological risk, and how this relationship differs by socioeconomic status. Among adults with a bachelor's degree or higher, those who saw individual characteristics (e.g., personal happiness, effort) as part of a good life had lower levels of allostatic load than those who di...

The last 3.85 Gyr of Earth history have been divided into five stages. During stage 1 (3.85-2.45 Gyr ago (Ga)) the atmosphere was largely or entirely anoxic, as were the oceans, with the possible exception of oxygen oases in the shallow oceans. During stage 2 (2.45-1.85 Ga) atmospheric oxygen levels rose to values estimated to have been between 0.02 and 0.04 atm. The shallow oceans became mildl...