Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bridge systems are gaining wide acceptance among bridge engineers. At the same time, FRP bridge systems are relatively expensive when compared to traditional reinforced concrete bridge systems. In this study, the concept of the hybrid FRP-concrete structural systems is applied to a bridge superstructure. The hybrid FRP-concrete superstructure system is intended to...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with high density and uniformity of nanogaps are proven to enhance the reproducibility and sensitivity of the Raman signal. Up to now, the syntheses of a highly ordered gold or silver superstructure with a controllable nanoparticle size and a well-defined particle gap have been quite limited. Here, we reported an ordered mesoporous silver supe...

We describe methodology for producing highly uniform, ordered and reproducible superstructures of surfactant-coated ZnS nanorod and nanowire assemblies, and propose a predictive multiscale "packing model" for superstructure formation based on electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction data on the superstructure, as well as on individual components of the nanostructured system. The studied...

With predefined schedule, this paper presents a mathematical formulation for synthesis of water-using networks in batch plants with a central reservoir for targeting freshwater consumption. A superstructure that considers all water reuse/recycle possibilities is presented for modeling the time-dependent water-using network. The proposed superstructure-based representation for synthesis of batch...

The formation of moiré superstructures between graphene and its underlying substrate has attracted significant attention because it significantly influences the morphology and properties of graphene. Through the density functional theory (DFT) calculations conducted on graphene/Re(0001) and graphene/Ir(111) moiré superstructures, we found that in contrast to the strain-driven moiré superstructu...

The optimal synthesis and design of thermal power plants is best addressed using mathematical optimization techniques. However, conventional optimization methods require the user to manually define a priori the potential solution space through the modeling of a superstructure, which is a timeconsuming, complex, and error-prone task. More importantly, the final superstructure model can not guara...

Crystals, free from twinning, ofthe monoclinic phase oftricalcium silicate exhibiting superstructure reflections have been obtained. Crystal data are: a = 33.083(8), b = 7.027(2), e = 18.499(4) A, f3 = 94.12(2)°, Z = 36 x CaZ.89Mgo.ll0Si04, V = 4289 A3. The structure analysis was carried out using 3886 independent reflection intensities measured on a single-crystal diffractometer. The unit cell...

Maintenance following implant treatment is essential to ensure long-term stability. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to investigate the factors leading patients to discontinue maintenance following implant treatment. Among the 729 patients that underwent implantation at the Department of Oral Implantology, Osaka Dental University Hospital from January 2008 to December 2012, 41 patie...

Abstract—It is a major challenge to build a bridge superstructure that has long-term durability and low maintenance requirements. A solution to this challenge may be to use new materials or to implement new structural systems. Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites have continued to play an important role in solving some of persistent problems in infrastructure applications because of its hi...