We consider cooling of neutron stars (NSs) with superfluid cores composed of neutrons, protons, and electrons (assuming singlet-state pairing of protons, and triplet-state pairing of neutrons). We mainly focus on (nonstandard) triplet-state pairing of neutrons with the |mJ | = 2 projection of the total angular momentum of Cooper pairs onto quantization axis. The specific feature of this pairing...

The phenomenon of the spontaneous phase-coherent precession of magnetization in superfluid 3 He and the related effects of spin superfluidity are based on the true Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons. Several different magnon BEC states have been observed: homogeneously precessing domain (HPD); BEC condensation in the spin-orbit potential trap (Q-balls); coherent precession with fractional ma...

T of the greatest physics discoveries in the first half of the 20th century were superconductivity and superfluidity. Superconductivity involves the frictionless conduction of electricity in wires, and superfluidity the frictionless flow of superfluid liquid helium through channels. Both discoveries led to the arcane phenomenon of macroscopic quantization: the manifestation of the laws of quant...

We study by Quantum Monte Carlo simulations the local superfluid response of small (up to 27 molecules) parahydrogen clusters, down to temperatures as low as 0.05 K. We show that at low temperature superfluidity is not confined at the surface of the clusters, as recently claimed by Khairallah et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 183401 (2007)]. Rather, even clusters with a pronounced shell structure ar...

We show that two new intraspecies P-wave superfluid phases appear in two-component asymmetric Fermi systems with short-range S-wave interactions. In the BEC limit, phonons of the molecular BEC induce P-wave superfluidity in the excess fermions. In the BCS limit, density fluctuations induce P-wave superfluidity in both the majority and the minority species. These phases may be realized in experi...

We investigate the effect of a microscopic three-body force on the proton and neutron superfluidity in the 1S0 channel in β-stable neutron star matter. It is found that the three-body force has only a small effect on the neutron 1S0 pairing gap, but it suppresses strongly the proton 1S0 superfluidity in β-stable neutron star matter. PACS numbers: 26.60.+c,21.65.+f, 21.30.Fe

We report the first observation of longitudinal sound propagation in three dimensionally distributed Bose and Fermi superfluids in an acoustic investigation of phase separated 3He-4He mixtures confined to aerogel. At mK temperatures, this inhomogeneous system exhibits simultaneous 3He and 4He superfluidity leading to two "slow modes" along with the conventional sound mode. We also infer the sup...

We propose two coupled electron-hole sheets of few-layer graphene as a new nanostructure to observe superfluidity at enhanced densities and enhanced transition temperatures. For ABC stacked few-layer graphene we show that the strongly correlated electron-hole pairing regime is readily accessible experimentally using current technologies. We find for double trilayer and quadlayer graphene sheets...