Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an infectious non-contagious disease of deer and cattle. At least 2 serotypes of EHD virus, designated EHDV-4 and EHDV-318, are enzootic in the Sudan. To facilitate clinical disease investigation and control of the disease a rapid diagnostic assay is urgently needed. A reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) protocol, previously repor...

Background and Objective: As infertility is rapidly becoming a major medical problems among Sudanese females, that has an impact on ovulation and menstruation and other complications, the aim of our present study to investigate the concentration and evaluate potential role of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and esteradiol in Sudanese infertile females, that may help and facili...

OBJECTIVE To determine age-specific prostate-specific antigen (PSA) reference values in a community-based sample of Sudanese men, aged 40-90 years. METHODS This study was conducted in the Central Laboratory Services, Soba University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan from January 2008 to May 2010. Total serum PSA in 3475 Sudanese men with no clinical evidence of lower urinary tract symptoms were measu...

The displaced of Sudan, due to both decades of civil war and natural disasters, are disproportionately female and many are responsible for dependents. For those settling in the capital, Khartoum, their livelihood depends on carving out ways to earn money in an urban area that is experiencing tremendous growth from the millions of recent arrivals. When confronted with the immediate need to provi...

OBJECTIVES We used the Atrocities Documentation Survey to determine whether Sudanese government forces were involved in racially targeting sexual victimization toward ethnically African women in the Darfur region of western Sudan. METHODS The US State Department conducted the survey by interviewing a randomized multistage probability sample of 1136 Darfur refugees at 20 sites in Chad in 2004....

Coeliac disease has not hitherto been documented in Sudanese children. This report describes seven Sudanese children with coeliac disease of whom two are siblings. They all had evidence of impaired intestinal absorption, severe histological changes of their jejunal mucosa with clinical and histological improvement on gluten free/sorgham free diet. Subsequently one patient had a clinical relapse...

The within-outbreak diversity of hepatitis E virus (HEV) was studied during the outbreak of hepatitis E that occurred in Sudan in 2004. Specimens were collected from internally displaced persons living in a Sudanese refugee camp and two camps implanted in Chad. A comparison of the sequences in the ORF2 region of 23 Sudanese isolates and five HEV samples from the two Chadian camps displayed a hi...

This study is about al-Akhwat al-Muslimat— the Islamist women’s group formed by the Sudanese Islamist movement to counter among other things the communist influence among Sudanese women’s associations. This study seeks both to evaluate al-Akhwat political and gender activism and deconstruct the stereotype of Islamist/Muslim women as passive, without agency and perpetuating women’s subordination...

Vehicle License Plate Recognition (VLPR) is an important system for harmonious traffic. Moreover this system is helpful in many fields and places as private and public entrances, parking lots, border control and theft control. This paper presents a new framework for Sudanese VLPR system. The proposed framework uses Multi Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) and Connected Component Anal...

Worldwide, an estimated 200 million girls and women have been subjected to female genital cutting. Female genital cutting is defined as an intentional injury to the female genitalia without medical justification. The practice occurs in at least 29 countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. In addition, globalization and migration have brought immigrants from countries where cutting is comm...