The design and construction of shallow-buried tunnels in densely populated urban areas involve many challenges. The ground movements induced by tunneling effects pose potential risks to infrastructure such as surface buildings, pipelines, and roads. In this paper, a case study of the Zhongjie subway station located in Shenyang, China, is examined to investigate the key construction techniques a...

In order to examine the cognition behaviors of the physical disabled in the spatial environment such as subway system, we implemented the on-site eyetracking experiment in the real subway environment. We hired 12 physical disabled people who sit on the wheelchairs and conducted certain experiment at National Library Station, Beijing Subway. By using SMI-HED eye tracker, we collected physiologic...

In the early twentieth century, New York City’s population, developed land area, and subway network size all increased dramatically. e rapid expansion of the transit system and land development present intriguing questions as to whether land development led subway growth or if subway expansion was a precursor to real estate development. e research described in this article uses Granger causalit...

A new concept of subway station capacity (SSC) is defined according to the gathering and scattering process. A queuing network analytical model of station is created for calculating SSC, which is built by M/G/C/C state dependent queuing network and discrete time Markov chain (DTMC). Based on the definition and the analytical queuing network, a SSC optimization model is developed, whose objectiv...

in the contemporary era, subway terminals are known as examples of dynamic public spaces in today’s urban context, in all over the world. therefore, these constructions, that are recognized as above ground appearance of subway networks in different parts of inner and sometimes outer city areas, are the places of social encounters, predicted and unexpected happenings and various behavioral patte...

This paper presents a brief analysis of an escalator human factors dataset collected in a London Underground (subway) station in England. The data analysis highlights and quantifies a variety of escalator human factors. Using the buildingEXODUS evacuation software, a series of evacuation scenarios of a hypothetical underground station are then presented. The simulation results demonstrate that ...

I nformation that facilitates efficient movement through transit facilities provided by station architecture or by signs is a crucial design factor affecting such issues as passenger security, convenience, and the desire to use transit. The information aspect of station design can also have a major impact on capital and operating costs, The information needs of passengers in transit facilities,...

Inside air ventilation ducts of the confined space such as subway stations become contaminated by various contaminants and particular matters after long time operation. The accumulated various pollutants at inner duct surface easily transport and cause secondary air contamination and injure subway passengers’ respiratory system and health. In fact, only periodic duct cleaning works can improve ...