Introduction. Addiction in women can expose them to malnutrition, high blood pressure, cancer, and some other dangerous diseases like hepatitis, AIDS, or other sexual transmitted diseases. The aim of this study was to assess illegal sexual relations in three groups of women. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study that was done on 236 girls and young women aged 16-25 years in 2012 in three gro...

Objective: Craving is the central core of addiction and the reason for substance abuse continuation and also returning to addiction after treatment. In order to identify the effecting factors on craving, this study was performed to determine the role of self-compassion, cognitive self-control and illness perception in predicting the craving levels in people with substance dependency.  Method...

BACKGROUND Sensation-seeking among prisoners with substance dependence difficulties (drug and/or alcohol) was examined. This topic is under-researched in a prisoner sample. AIMS The aims are to examine the association between sensation-seeking, other personality variables, and substance dependency among prisoners, and to examine if sensation-seeking can be refined. METHODS Adult male prison...

Background: Sensation-seeking among prisoners with substance dependence difficulties (drug and/or alcohol) was examined. This topic is under-researched in a prisoner sample. Aims: To examine the association between sensation-seeking, other personality variables, and substance dependency among prisoners. To examine if sensation-seeking can be refined. Methods: Adult male prisoners (n = 200) comp...

BACKGROUND Research in adults shows that substance dependent individuals demonstrate attentional bias (AB) for substance-related stimuli. This study investigated the role of AB in adolescents diagnosed with alcohol, cannabis, amphetamine or GHB dependency on entering therapy and six months later, and the role of executive control (EC) as a moderator of the relationship between problem severity ...

introduction: substance abuse/dependency is one of the most important comorbidity in bipolar patients. therefore, recognizing the patterns of substance use is valuable in treatment and management of patients. this study was conducted to determine patterns of substance abuse among bipolar patients who were hospitalized in an educational hospital. methods : this was a descriptive-analytical study...

OBJECTIVE There is a reasonable theoretical base for understanding the possible causes and motivations behind substance misuse and its dependency. There is a need for a reliable and valid measure that delineates the markers of substance use from its initiation and identifies different motivations for drug use transitioning, maintenance, and dependency. We addressed this gap in the United Kingdo...

Abstract Background: Tramadol is a centrally acting opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to sever pain. It has more advantage and less opioid adverse effects than conventional opioid analgesia. Case Report: This article reports a patient with tramadol dependency that had psychosis after tramadol withdrawal. Conclusion: By the increase of tramadol usage for relief of chronic pain, t...