Little research has been conducted on the knowledge domain specifically related to HIV testing among college students. Students (age 18–24) were recruited from a major university in the southeastern United States to participate in a Web-based survey during spring 2003 (N=440). About 21% of the students reported previous voluntary HIV tests. Reliability of the overall knowledge test demonstrated...

This article deals with evaluation of image quality by various methods and comparison of their results. Generally, there are several ways how to assess image quality. Three main approaches are: subjective testing, objective testing and image quality evaluation using a human visual system model (HVS). The subjective testing is based on human perception, the objective testing on a mathematical co...

The subjective tests used to evaluate image and video quality estimators (QEs) are expensive and time consuming. More problematic, the majority of subjective testing is not designed to find systematic weaknesses in the evaluated QEs. As a result, a motivated attacker can take advantage of these systematic weaknesses to gain unfair monetary advantage. In this paper, we draw on some lessons of so...

In the history of adoption research, subjective norm mostly remains as the unloved child, being significant in this analysis and not significant in that analysis. Already Davis et al. had to exclude subjective norm of the Technology Acceptance Model due to theoretical and measurement problems. Overall the results of subjective norm as an antecedent for behavioral intention in IS research are qu...

Subjective testing is the most direct means of assessing multimedia quality as experienced by users. When multiple dimensions must be evaluated, these tests can become slow and costly. We present gradient ascent subjective testing (GAST) as an efficient way to locate optimizing sets of coding or transmission parameter values. GAST combines gradient ascent optimization techniques with subjective...

International recommendations for subjective video quality assessment (e.g., ITU-R BT.500-11) include specifications for how to perform many different types of subjective tests. Some of these test methods are double stimulus where viewers rate the quality or change in quality between two video streams (reference and impaired). Others are single stimulus where viewers rate the quality of just on...

The development of new video processing, new displays, and new modes of dissemination and usage enables a variety of moving picture applications intended for mobile and desktop devices as well as the more conventional platforms. These applications include multimedia as well as traditional video and require novel lighting environments and bit rates previously unplumbed in Moving Picture Experts ...

This paper examines the effects of learning HIV status on economic behavior among rural Malawians. According to economic life-cycle models, if learning HIV results is informative about additional years of life, being diagnosed HIV-positive or negative should predict changes in consumption, investment and savings behavior with important micro and macro-economic implications. Using an experiment ...

In order to assess the performance of Internet telephony, it is often necessary to translate network impairments (such as packet loss, delay and jitter) into human perceived quality (which is quantified in terms of subjective voice quality ratings). Subjective quality testing is expensive and typically involves a large number of questions and humans. It is therefore important to design simple a...